Natural food and drink industry Essay Example for Free

Natural food and drink industry Essay Executive Summary The all natural food and drink industry is relatively new, it has emerged as part of the clean label trend and is seen as an alternative to the organic products or products labeled as â€Å"free-from†. The global all natural food and drink market has shown a steady growth during the last few years and is expected to grow due to rising demands for healthy, nutritional, natural foods and drinks without chemicals and artificial ingredients. Growing at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of about 35% annually, Indian non-carbonated drink market is likely to touch Rs. 54,000 crore by 2015 from the current level of Rs. 22,000 crore including fruit drinks, nectars and juices etc. Our company J-GAPS started in 2014 thereby tapping this potential in the Indian market had come up with a natural flavored drink segment in terms of coconut water with Kewra and Mint with the product named SIPCO in order to revive freshness. This could be seen as great opportunity in Maharashtra near the Konkan region where the natural source of tender coconut could be fully utilized to provide healthy natural beverage to people. The financial assistance is catered by coconut development board in terms of 50% cost of production. The vision of our company is to provide a natural drink to the consumer so as to improve their health in a fast paced lifestyle. Identifying the gap in this market through market analysis especially in terms of coconut water wherein there are hardly tetra packs available in order to make it convenient for people to have the nutritional drink without carrying the hard husk. The main drivers of introducing such a natural beverage includes rising consumer concerns regarding artificial ingredients, artificially introduced hormones and genetically modified products, and their awareness of the long term health benefits of natural food and good nutrition thereby having a lifestyle of health and sustainability (LOHAS). We therefore see ahead a great potential in this market as GEN – Y would be the most prominent segment to be tapped in order to sustain in the market and thereby expand our presence in India. 1. Current Marketing Situation 1.1 Industry overview The Indian packaged tender coconut water is still an industry in its development phase. There exist a very few players in this market. J-GAPS  aims to position its product in the general market where exist players like Pepsi, Coca cola, Parle agro foods etc. who are major players in the soft drink segment. The emerging trend among consumers to go for healthy and natural food products will drive this industry. Coconut water is a fruit juice with many unique features and a major one is a low calorie content .This makes it a very attractive prospect for weight management positioned juices. 1.2 Company description J-GAPS will primarily engage in extracting, processing and adding flavors to tender coconut water which is then ready to be delivered to stores. It is a privately held firm will be located in Ratnagiri in the state of Maharashtra .We have identified a location which is closer to the coconut farms. J-GAPS sources the tender coconut for its requirements from its own farms and also additionally from other farmers directly. Our processing unit has a capacity of processing liters water annually. 1.3 Market analysis- Tender flavored coconut water is recommended for people of all ages. With the consumers turning health conscious and preferring natural products, we believe that our product has a strong market both in domestic circles and in countries abroad. Our main target customer is the young generations who have a fancy for energy drinks. We also target sport persons with our special energy pack. We want to make our drink available for homes, offices, hospitals, sports persons, marriages, other occasions, hotels and restaurants. The recent studies showing the impact of aerated drinks on health has turned customer to ignore such artificially produced drinks and go for natural food drinks. The rising population will require larger amount of food drinks. Our product will be a natural thirst quencher with added flavor of Kewra essence in it which will be beneficial during the long summer months. 1.4 Major Segmentation Approach 1.5 PESTLE Analysis The Pestle Analysis identifies the political, economic, social, technological, legal and ecological influences on an organization. Political factors Various political factors affect the fruit juice industry. With the change of government the policies regulating the industry might change. As the taxation policy keeps changing, it has a significant effect on fruit juice industry. The government plans of encouraging foreign direct investments would affect our industry highly as organized fruit juice industry has only 3 % share as of now in the market but with FDIs it could increase significantly by coming of bigger players. Economic factors Our company would rely on trucks to move our raw materials to the processing plant and distribute our finished product so, fuel is also an important subject, so the company is subject to the fuel price fluctuation, and to possible fuel crisis. Since, ours is an agro based industry so we would be exposed to the risks of high prices due to crop failure, non-availability of raw material because of pest attack etc. Other economic factors affecting fruit juice industry are often linked to variability in real growth, inflation, interest rates, governmental actions and other factors. Factors like money supply, energy availability and cost, business cycles, etc. would also affect our company. Socio-cultural factors We are more than a billion strong nations and the youngest country as well. We are also home to the great Indian middle class. The major growth drivers in fruit juice market are increase in health consciousness among consumers, increase in disposable incomes and more sophisticated cocktail culture. There is more money circulating in the economy. With life becoming more hectic and tiring, consumer preferences are witnessing a visible shift towards healthy foods. Even the younger generation has started shifting from fizz to fresh and healthy. As people are becoming more and more educated, they are taking the healthy route. Technological factors Fruit juices have become big business throughout much of the developed and developing world with the increasing health conscious proportion of population. In this ever growing industry technology plays a major role in maintaining the quality and cost efficiency to generate higher profits.  Better technology can increase the shelf life of our product. Technology refers to both production process as well as machinery. Legal factors Processed fruit juices are regulated under the Food and Drugs Act and Regulations as a food product and the Consumer Packaging and Labelling Act. The Food and Drugs Act creates identity standards, provides a basis for labelling requirements and establishes the safety parameters for soft drinks. As food safety requirements become more advanced across the beverage industry, tracking and traceability capabilities are a prerequisite. Ecological factors One environmental issue that food processing companies face is waste remaining from packaging. However, the problem often lies in feasibility of collection, separation and purification of the consumers’ disposed bottles or drinks packets. Environmental issues have gained importance because of regulatory requirements. It is not possible to sell a new packaging material without covering all the environmental issues. The reduction of materials in packing cartons can potentially provide both financial and environmental benefits. . We propose to provide our product in tetra packs so that lesser damage is done to the environment in comparison to PET bottles. 2. Product review 2.1 Product features In India coconut water has always been considered as a health drink to refresh the body due to its nutritional value. Tender Coconut Water is considered the healthiest best sports drink in the world, because it contains vitamins. It is very refreshing and rich in sugar, electrolytes and minerals – available in the natural form in most sterile conditions. It is a natural isotonic drink where the electrolyte levels are similar to those found in the human body. The water of fresh green coconuts is actually fat free. Our company keeping this factor in mind has come up with two natural flavored drink containing 1. Kewra essence which has a floral fragrance thereby providing a cooling effect in the drink. 2. Mint flavor to provide freshness and energizing flavor to the drink Chota Anna would have two variants in terms of Kewra drink and Mint drink. Kewra drink Mint drink Coconut water Coconut water Kewra essence Mint sugar honey Farm Fresh Tender Coconut are selected (50% capacity extracted) and the rest purchased from the Ratnagiri Association Coconut supplier and Natural Tender Coconut Water is squeezed out, untouched by hand and put through a special process in order to add the natural flavors of Kewra essence and Mint. The product is packed in food-grade Bottles/ Cans, which keeps it fresh for 9/18 months. The taste is natural and hence good.

Reflection On Experience Working In Accident And Emergency

Reflection On Experience Working In Accident And Emergency This fieldwork exercise was a visit to the Minors Department within Accident and Emergency (AE) for a large London National Health Service (NHS) hospital, to observe and interview an Emergency Nurse Practitioner (ENP) within the Department, and link their role in relation to primary health care (PHC). I had expected to learn further about the main connection between PHC and an acute care setting such as AE, assuming that it would be due to poor PHC management and issues with accessibility. These assumptions were based on some experience in AE as an Agency Nurse, along with colleagues, patients and media reports. 2.0 VISIT TO MINORS IN ACCIDENT EMERGENCY My fieldwork exercise began with covert observation in the AE waiting room, waiting for my fellow Nurse Practitioner (NP) student to arrive for a Saturday night shift. There were around 15 people and one child within the waiting room; a relatively calm environment, albeit for quiet restlessness, sighing, guarding and rocking, questioning companions as to when they would be seen, alongside comparing with others who had got in. Reception was a glass-shielded counter staffed by two personnel, informing patients registering, that there was a three hour wait. An electronic sign above reception welcomed patients, friends and relatives to the hospital, also informing them that we endeavour to see you in 4 hours; a reference to the Department of Healths (DoH) target, for patients to be discharged, admitted or transferred within four hours of presenting, in 98% of cases. The sign also requested for those with a minor illness, to attend the adjacent walk-in centre (WIC). Of note, aside from a clear focus on hygiene, was a sign notifying patients that treatment may not be free if not a United Kingdom (UK)/European Union citizen or resident. Such signage brings a principle of the Alma Ata declaration into question. The Alma Ata declaration arose following a joint World Health Organisation-UNICEF international conference, with a vision for healthcare for all people worldwide, with PHC at the heart (World Health Organisation, 2010). Although it can be argued that international guests are not paying into the NHS, and healthcare in the UK is not essentially free, given the National Insurance levy, the declaration views healthcare as a right for all, and not just those who are in a position to pay. On arrival, my fellow NP student showed me around AE. Within the adults section, the Department can be broken down to: Table 1: AE layout Department/Room Cubicles/Rooms Additional/Other Information Resuscitation 5 +1 paediatric cubicle Majors 16 Including 1 psychiatric cubicle Minors 12 Assessment/Triage 3 Clinical Decisions 10 Investigations and short term treatment (not more than 24-36 hours) Eye 1 Ear, Nose Throat 1 Plaster 1 X-Ray 1 Adjacent CT room being built next to Resuscitation The hospital is one of Londons major hospitals, opening in the 1700s in central London and developing into a main teaching hospital. With the increase in healthcare demands, more space was needed, and the hospital relocated to its present day location in the 1950s. In the 1970s, construction on the present hospital building began, and by the early 2000s, building and the final relocation of one of its hospitals was complete (Hospital website, 2009a). The AE Department is a 24 hour service, seeing around 100 000 patients per year, and of those, around 21% are admitted to hospital. Twenty two percent are children, to which a separate paediatric AE between the hours of 9am and 2am is available (Hospital website, 2009b). From April this year, the AE Department will become one of Londons four major trauma centres (MTC), and one of eight acute stroke centres (Healthcare for London, 2010). Preparations for this new designation were evident by the building of a computerised tomography scanner next door to Resuscitation, enabling suspected stroke patients to be scanned within two minutes of arriving. I spent most of my visit in Minors, a Department with 12 cubicles, which is staffed by two to three ENPs, one Senior House Officer, Registrar support, and a General Practitioner (GP) on Saturday and Sunday evenings. Despite having an adjacent WIC, this section of AE is dedicated to patients with minor injuries and illnesses. The most common presentations are due to infections (mostly ears, nose and throat, and urology), foreign bodies, wounds, fractures and head injuries. Numbers seen can vary, and around 150 patients had already been seen that day. There is a difference between days and nights, with days mostly seeing occupational injuries and GP referrals, with alcohol, drugs, domestic violence, assaults and foreign bodies featuring in the nights. In addition, weekends and evenings can see Minors taking on the role of an extended hours GP practice; supporting my hypothesis of poor PHC management and accessibility, as being a key cause of PHC in AE. The Department closes at 3am to reduce costs, but is sometimes too busy to do so. From next year, Minors will be a 24 hour service, with the aim for a Nurse-led service with Registrar support. This is to release medical staff for the new MTC, and in response to recommendations in Lord Darzis review on healthcare for London, discussed further in this assignment. The most surprising element of my visit, was to find out that ENPs are viewed and treated as junior doctors. This was mirrored by the consultation: history taking, examination, assessment, plan of care and documentation was that of seeing a medical doctor. While I was aware of the advanced and autonomous role of a NP, enabling diagnosing, prescribing and referring, I was taken back that NPs, certainly in this Department, have shifted from the nursing side of healthcare, and are now affiliated with medicine. The ENPs line management is a Registrar, who also supervises and signs off competencies. Any problems or concerns which need to be escalated, are dealt with by the Consultant. The AE Matron, and ultimately, the Director of Nursing are nowhere in the ENPs reporting line. The role of NP, reviews of urgent care, and PHC management are the topics I have chosen to base my discussion on. 3.0 DISCUSSION 3.1 Urgent care reviews The key review of urgent care in London is Lord Darzis Healthcare for London: A Framework for Action report. It was commissioned by NHS London in December 2006, in order to fulfil Londons healthcare needs over the next 5 to 10 years. The report acknowledged that many patients presenting to AE for minor illnesses and injuries would be better looked after in polyclinics or urgent care centres (UCC) with longer opening hours. Patients presenting to AE is not optimal due to the waiting period and being seen by junior doctors rather than GPs, who more suited to these complaints along with managing long-term health conditions (Healthcare for London, 2007a). The report proposes UCC with diagnostic equipment, where patients will have access to a Nurse or GP, recommending 24 hour access if based in AE (ie. Minors), or to be open on weekends and afterhours for those not hospital based (Healthcare for London, 2007a). A co-located UCC within AE can be important, in diverting urgent care away from attending AE/MTCs (Healthcare for London, 2007b). However, the ENP reported problems recruiting fellow ENPs with appropriate qualifications and experience, and was unsure whether Minors would be a Nurse-led 24 hour UCC, to coincide with the transformation of the main part of AE into a MTC in April. The Darzi report received criticism, largely directed at cost cuttings, cashing in on privatisation, the demotion of acute hospital services, the question of elderly care, and that future predictions on PHC and AE usage was an understatement. There is also criticism that recommendations have been made without practicalities, including polyclinic staffing, failings and costs of minor injuries units, and the future of healthcare staff (London Health Emergency, 2007). The ENP reported a poor skills mix at the adjacent WIC, such as not being able to read x-rays or suture, with patients being referred on to Minors. Alongside the question of resources being doubled up, such referring on leads to disjointed care and greater waiting lengths to be treated. It could also be confusing for patients to know where the best place to attend is, especially having been diverted from AE to the WIC on the advice of the Reception sign, only to end back up in AE. Clarity and streamlining of services is needed to improve patient experience. The Royal College of Nursing (RCN) survey found that Emergency Nurses were under huge strain to meet the DoHs four hour target, termed as unrealistic (RCN, 2010: website). The survey also reported that the majority of respondents felt that patients with various and complicated needs, have had their care rushed to meet targets, and 59% of respondents feeling the responsibility lying solely within Nurses (RCN, 2010). Yet the ENP I spoke to was happy with the target, which gave momentum if a patient needed to be seen by a Registrar and had been waiting over an hour, this would then be escalated to a Consultant. On questioning, the ENP felt that the target was realistic, practical and they had the resources. 3.2 Primary health care management and accessibility London has the most AE attendances and admissions than anywhere else in England, and many of the 83% of patients not admitted could be treated elsewhere, with 40% of complaints able to be resolved through PHC. However, access to PHC services in London after hours is inadequate; a main thought behind AE attendance. AE patients are more likely to be fulltime workers and may take reassurance in knowing that they will be seen in four hours, rather than a wait of up to (or longer than) 48 hours to see their GP (Healthcare for London, 2007b). According to the ENP, patients report issues making GP appointments and that AE is quicker than seeing their GP, as the main reasons for presenting with PHC matters. The Healthcare Commissions (HCC, now the Care Quality Commission) review on urgent care in England, found that more than 50% of patients have problems calling their GP surgery, and a quarter of patients found GP hours were not convenient, and avoided going (HCC, 2008). Incentives for GP surgeries to provide afterhours care was a recommendation by The Royal College of General Practitioner (RCGP) in their review on urgent care (RCGP, 2007). Yet, the HCCs review found that where GP services provide afterhours care, less than half had organised a phone diversion with local GPs, to divert afterhours calls to their services. The majority of patients attending afterhours GP services are seen within two hours after an initial telephone assessment (HCC, 2008). This is not only faster than attending AE, but a more appropriate use of resources. The review found that many people are not aware of healthcare services other than their own GP and AE, or they might be unsure of using them. There were also examples of patients being referred to services that were not accessible. Work needs to be done to increase both patients and healthcare professionals understanding of alternative healthcare services, and when to use them (HCC, 2008). This is a view shared by the RCGP, along with GP practices implementing systems to deal with urgent care and GP training (RCGP, 2007). The ENP expressed frustrations with GPs making inappropriate referrals to AE, rather than to Specialists, generally noting the practice of defensive medicine. Despite referring back to the GP on discharge, patients were bouncing back for simple things, such as to have their dressings attended to. The ENP rarely had time to speak with GPs, but when they did, it was mostly to phone to question why they had referred. In respect to patients, the ENP felt that they were either not taking responsibility for their health or there was poor self management, possibly due to poor or no patient education, such as not taking analgesia and attending AE to request. The RCGP also note the need for improved patient education and self management promotion in their review (RCGP, 2007). The ENP was also very critical of NHS Direct, Englands telephone advice line for healthcare. They felt that the service was inadequate, as it was not possible to make an assessment over the phone, and defensively referring to AE. Yet half of callers to NHS Direct were given advice on self management at home (NHS Direct, 2010). 3.3 The role of the Nurse Practitioner 4.0 SUMMARY This fieldwork exercise has been a valuable experience. It has demonstrated the impact PHC has on AE, an already stretched resource, exacerbated by poor PHC management and accessibility. For these reasons, I will bear in mind my present practice and on qualification as a NP, to make seamless and appropriate referrals.

Service Provisions for the Elderly

Service Provisions for the Elderly ANSWER: Have you ever wondered why people say it is rude to ask a girl for her age? Do you know why most adults cringe every time they celebrate their birthdays? Truth be told, most of us fear aging because we associate it the gradual loss of our physical and mental abilities which in turn affects our emotional state. Bernard Nash asks, â€Å"Does it not strike you that we all want to live longer but none of us wants to grow old?†[1] Tangelder, J. (2014). He believes that aging, to most of us, is like a paradox. We enjoy life enough for us to choose to live longer yet we fear the effects of aging because it links towards the inevitable end. Most of us view aging as a loss of the benefits of our youth and the gain of multiple drawbacks of aging like diseases and illnesses such as dementia and hypertension. Physically speaking, it is a known fact that we lose a lot of control when we age. We lose the ability to walk properly, pee at will, see clearly, hear accurately, and so on. Also, aging introduces things that we do not have control of like arthritis, diabetes, sleep disorder, and many more. Aging even affects most of us emotionally. People get depressed from losing all the control that they once has. All these negative ideas leaves most of us with the fear of growing old. However, people need to understand that there are multiple ways to â€Å"age gracefully† and cope with these changes through the advent of medical advancements and growing concerns of aging. We can now cope to the point where we can enjoy the transition from being young to becoming elderly. All people need is a little support as we go through all these changes of being an elderly. One of the most important kind of support that people need is emotional support. We can get these support from our own families and friends. Some people also find comfort by going to their church community or marae based community. Also, here in New Zealand, there are a lot of support groups that can help people who get depressed from not being able to do what we were so accustomed to do. In Auckland alone, there are multiple organisations such as GROW, Balance NZ, Emotions Anonymous, Franklin Depression Support Group, Raeburn House, Men’s Change Support Group, and many more. All of which aims to help those undergoing change and depression. There even is a Depression Helpline. All these networks for us to use so that we can learn a thing or two about battling our demons of aging. Furthermore, there are multiple support organisations that help with common geriatric issues. One for which is Health and Disability Advocacy Service. Advocates help those who think their rights are being violated. In this case, one’s rights to health and disability service. Advocates side with the service-user. They generally listen to one’s concerns, explain your rights, suggest different courses of action, and support the actions that one takes. In New Zealand, this is a free service. This service is very important because it is always nice to have someone behind your back. If things go south, at least you know there is a group willing to listen and help with your health and disability problems. As we all know, Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia. â€Å"Alzheimer’s disease is an irreversible, progressive brain disease that slowly destroys memory and thinking skills, and eventually even the ability to carry out the simplest tasks.†[2] (â€Å"Alzheimer’s Disease†, 2011, p. 1). Because of this, I believe that Alzheimer’s New Zealand is another support organization that assists the elderly to cope with this particular disease. They are a non-profit organisation that support people with this disease by giving information and education programmes to aid in better understanding of the disease. They also assist people by giving them useful information on how to provide financial support in availing of further assistance from other supportive organisations. HealthEd is another support organisation that helps with the aging process. Basically, HealthEd provides a list of free health catalogue resources conveyed by the Ministry of Health and Health Promotion Agency. Though they do not provide free services, what they offer is free information. People in New Zealand will be able to access unlimited information about certain health diseases or issues such as arthritis, Alzheimer’s, stroke, and many more. For me, information is very vital because it helps people understand what they have, what they are going through, and how they can cope. There may be information on how to contain the disease, maintain good health, or eliminate the disease all together. Age Concern is also an important organisation here in New Zealand. Their primary focus is to promote the dignity, respect, rights, and wellbeing of older people. Similar to HealthEd, they have many useful articles in their own website about aging. They help the elderly in New Zealand by providing information and support. They want to have a society in which the elderly are included rather than excluded. They want to establish a place where the elderly plays a valued role in the community. Age Concern also helps with social isolation, loneliness, and elder abuse. Finally, the SuperGold Card is one way of showing how much New Zealand appreciates and values the contributions of the elderly. Basically, by having this card, the elderly can enjoy discounts and offers from different establishments. There is no actual retirement age in New Zealand but once elderly can no longer work, they generally have limited funds. Having these discounts will help them enjoy the finer things in life. After all, they do deserve it. Besides the different support organisations, New Zealand also has different service provisions that the elderly can choose to avail. One example is the hospital. Here in New Zealand, there are many private hospital establishments that specialize in elderly care. People who choose to avail this service are those who require hospital level of care. Whoever avails of this service can be assured that qualified clinical staff will be with them for the duration of their stay. Doctors, nurses, therapists, pharmacists, and other medical staff will be present in these establishments. Hospices are another service provision present in New Zealand. Hospice New Zealand (2014) explains that hospice care has a unique whole person approach – which means physical, spiritual, emotional and social needs are equally important – a multidisciplinary team provides care for the person who is dying and their families and friends, both before and after a death.[3] Hospices tailor-fits an elder’s treatment plan based on what he or she thinks is important. If an elderly service user believes that being a part of the community is essential to growing old, then the hospice sees to it that the service user remains part of the community. Based on my current experience, this is done by taking them out of the house and having them do things they like such as bowling or doing the groceries. Residential Care is also a service provision in which the elderly can avail. This is a long-term care given in a rest home which includes rest home care, continuing hospital care, and dementia care. Residents of New Zealand get a Residential Care subsidy through government funding. This is very important because this helps geriatric people financially. Even if the government does not pay all the cost of this service, it is a very big help compared to other countries where they need to spend money from their own pockets. Nursing Homes is similar to Residential Care. The biggest difference is the level of care offered by these homes. Residential Care is more on the activities of daily living while Nursing Homes involves the medical aspect such as giving of medication and providing basic first aid when needed. According to Jenni Wiltz (2013), nursing care facilities provide room, board and care for patients who aren’t able to live on their own or in an assisted living facility due to serious debilitation or a medical condition.[4] Another service provision that is out there is Independent Living services. Adolf Ratzka (2003) defines Independent Living as a philosophy and a movement of people with disabilities who work for self-determination, equal opportunities and self-respect.[5] Independent Living does not mean that the service user does not need any help at all. Independent Living is being able to have the same rights and choices that other non-disabled people have. Even if we grow old, that does not mean we lose the control we have in making choices for ourselves. I also consider Day Care a crucial service provision that can assists the elderly. Before we get old, we enjoy doing different things like swimming, horseback riding, or going to the beach. When we get old, it does not mean we stop liking these things. Day Care is a programme where the elderly can continue to enjoy the things they used to do. In the place I work, we see to it that our service users do things they enjoy. We take them swimming, bowling, laughter yoga, and many more. All these support organisations and service provisions are there for a reason. As an employee of Kindly Residential Care and Rest Home, I believe that the above mentioned organisations and services should be accessed so that our service users can enjoy the finer things in life. By introducing them and their families to these options, our service users will have the dignity to age gracefully. They might even consider this stage in their lives to be the best among the rest and, possibly, look forward to what awaits them in the not so distant future. ANSWER: SOCIAL ISOLATION OF THE INDIVIDUAL AND THEIR FAMILY When people grow old, it is a known fact that they gradually lose the different abilities and skills they once had. This muddles one’s emotions to a point of them losing their own self-confidence thereby choosing to isolate themselves from their families, friends and others. But social isolation isn’t only a result of one’s own doing, society tends to isolate the elderly thinking they are too fragile to do anything. Kindly Residential Care Rest Home understands the importance of being part of a bigger whole. We have partnered with different organizations to ensure that our service users remain part of society. We also have a series of activities and programs that our service user can choose to be a part of such as: Day care Swimming 10 pin bowling Fishing Horseback riding Group recreational activities like coloring, drawing, and painting. Music therapy Laughter yoga Others ASSUMPTION OF AUTOMATIC LOSS OF INDEPENDENCE Society has this concept that the older people get, the more they would need our assistance. Though this is somewhat true, it does not mean these people automatically lose all sense of independence. They may not be able to do the things they used to do but they still have right to independence and choice. In Kindly Residential Care Rest Home, we make sure that our service users are given the dignity to remain as independent as possible through various ways such as: Giving them a chance to choose. They can choose what to wear, what to eat, or what chores they want to do. Encourage and empowering them to do things. Assigning of tasks will make them feel like they are part of a bigger picture. Supporting them as needed. We do not do things for them but we assists them whenever there is a need. Being patient and letting them do things at their own pace. As long as the job is done, it does not really matter how long it takes. Educating the service users, their families, and society. Everyone should know what the service user is going through so that everyone will be on the same page when it comes to caring for the service user. UNABLE TO MAKE DECISIONS ABOUT OWN CARE People often have this misconception about the elderly not being able to make sound decisions about many things especially their own care. Most elderly people retain the ability to make decisions but there are a few that require aid and support. We, at Kindly Residential Care Rest Home, believe in supporting our service users in whatever decisions they make as long as no harm will come to them. By partnering with other organizations, we can assure our service users that they can make the best educated decision regarding their health. Our partners are: Health and Disability Advocacy Service Age Concern Grey Power Carers New Zealand HealthEd Alzheimer’s New Zealand SeniorLine Others DISSATISFYING INTERACTIONS WITH THE MEDICAL COMMUNITY People often write off the elderly because they assume that the elderly have no clue as to what they are doing or as to what is currently going on around them. We live in a fast-paced world and people think that the elderly take too long to catch up. People think the elderly cannot learn new things. Especially in the medical community, medical staff tends to do things for the service user to speed up the process. Instead of giving the elderly a chance to accomplish something, most staff ignores this. This results in both parties having the wrong conception towards each other. Most medical communities feel like the elderly are always unsatisfied with their help while the elderly feel like they are being taken for granted. Kindly Residential Care Rest Home sees to it that every service user is given full attention especially when it comes to their medical status. This can be achieved through: Prioritizing the service user Practicing active listening Personalizing the type of care towards the needs of the service user Quarterly review to check what is working, what needs to be done, and what to improve on. Proper training of staff if needed UNCERTAINTY OF SUPPORT SERVICES AND TREATMENTS People usually fear the unknown. The elderly never had the same access to internet as we do. Knowing and getting specific information about the different support services and treatments out there was very hard to come by. And once they do come by a specific support service or treatment they have not heard of, they will be very skeptical and hesitant to try it. Unlike today’s generation, we can easily read people’s comments and testimonials about a certain support service or treatment. Through those, we can make a sound decision whether to go through with the program or not. Kindly Residential Care Rest Home fully understands this dilemma most service users have and we have dedicated ourselves to helping our service user find the right support service or treatment that best suits them. Because of our vast knowledge and partnership with support organizations, we make sure each service user knows about their options by: Explaining about the program Telling them about the advantages and disadvantages of the support service or treatment Giving recommendations Enrolling them for a trial period if possible Making follow-ups to see if the service user is satisfied with the service BIBLIOGRAPHY http://www.mentalhealth.org.nz/resourcefinder/listings/resource/73/support-groups/ http://advocacy.hdc.org.nz/ http://www.alzheimers.org.nz/about-us http://www.ageconcern.org.nz/ http://www.caughey-preston.org.nz/services/hospital-care/ REFERENCES Tangelder, J. (2014). Aaaaagh! I’m Getting Old. Power to Change: Experience his Power. Retrieved from http://powertochange.com/experience/life/gettingold/ Alzheimer’s Disease: Fact Sheet. (2011). National Institute of Aging, No. 11-6423, Pg. 1. Hospice New Zealand. (2014). What is Hospice? Retrieved from http://www.hospice.org.nz/ Ratzka, A. (2003). What is Independent Living – A Personal Definition. Journal of Independent Living Institute. Retrieved from http://www.independentliving.org/def.html [1] Tangelder, J. (2014). Aaaaagh! I’m Getting Old. Power to Change: Experience his Power. Retrieved from http://powertochange.com/experience/life/gettingold/ [2] Alzheimer’s Disease: Fact Sheet. (2011). National Institute of Aging, No. 11-6423, Pg. 1. [3] Hospice New Zealand. (2014). What is Hospice? Retrieved from http://www.hospice.org.nz/ [4] Wiltz, J. (2013). Residential Care VS Nursing Home. Journal of Livestrong.com. Retrieved from http://www.livestrong.com/article/164027-residential-care-vs-nursing-home/ [5] Ratzka, A. (2003). What is Independent Living – A Personal Definition. Journal of Independent Living Institute. Retrieved from http://www.independentliving.org/def.html

Why did the 1919 Paris peace settlement not provide a durable peace in

Why did the 1919 Paris settlement not provide a durable peace in Europe? The First World War, was without a doubt one of the most tragic events in the history of people. It was fought on a scale, and at a cost in human suffering, unparalleled in the history of man kind. Countries from every continent, including most of those in Europe, had taken part. Whole populations had been marshalled to serve their countries war efforts1. All these came to an end when on 11 November 1918, Germany finally agreed to sign an armistice. What is very important to know, is that this armistice was actually based on United States’ President Woodrow Wilson’s â€Å"Fourteen Points†. However, the Treaty of Versailles, sharply differed from Wilson’s points, and Germany, who felt betrayed, denounced the treaty as â€Å"morally invalid.† Henig claimed that the fact that it did not survive the 1920s intact stemmed, not so much from the terms of the peace treaties themselves but from the reluctance of political leaders in the inter-war period to enforce them2. Overall, the Treaty of Versailles was flawed to the extent that instead of preventing future wars it made a future war inevitable! But let’s take things from the beginning in our attempt to demonstrate the reasons that led the Versailles Treaty, to be considered a failure. The goal following World War I was to restore European stability and maintain everlasting peace. However, these goals were recognized by all of the leaders as not easily achievable. French Prime Minister Clemenceau commented on the day the armistice was signed on 11 November 1918, â€Å"We have won the war: now we have to win the peace, and it may be more difficult3. The French politician Marshal Foch, as the Versailles Treaty was being signed, stated rather prophetically, â€Å"This is not peace; it is an armistice for 20 years4.† Indeed, Foch was absolutely correct. The Versailles Treaty did little to shape any sort of long-term peace from the results of World War I. Instead, the treaty, hastily put together, was vague, exposed the Allies’ inability to cooperate toward an agreement, and fuelled German nationalism from resentment over her treatment by the Allies in the treaty. The principle reasons for the failure of the Treaty of Versailles to establish a long-term peace include the following. Firstly, the Allies disagreed on how best to treat Germany, also Germany re... ... the Treaty of Versailles from ever approaching success, however, was not the terms of the treaty, but rather the reluctance to enforce the terms by the Allies. They were naà ¯ve to assume that Germany would cooperate with the treaty terms by themselves. Thus within a year of the peace conference, the victorious alliance had crumbled away. It was this critical collapse, rather than the provisions of the peace terms themselves, which ensured that the Treaty of Versailles was never fully accepted or enforced7. The Allies were strong enough to win the war, but not strong enough to secure the peace! BIBLIOGRAPHY: ïÆ'˜Â  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Adamthwaite, Antony. The Making of the Second World War (New York, 1992). ïÆ'˜Â  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Henig, Ruth. Versailles and After: 1919 – 1933 (London: Routledge, 1995). ïÆ'˜Â  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hobsbawm, Eric. The Age of Extremes: A History of the World, 1914 – 1991 (New York, 1996). ïÆ'˜Â  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Keynes, John Maynard. The Economic Consequences of the Peace (New York, 1920). ïÆ'˜Â  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Kitchen, Martin. Europe Between the Wars (London, 2000). ïÆ'˜Â  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Marks, Sally. The Illusion of Peace: International Relations in Europe, 1918 – 1933 (London, 1976). Why did the 1919 Paris peace settlement not provide a durable peace in Why did the 1919 Paris settlement not provide a durable peace in Europe? The First World War, was without a doubt one of the most tragic events in the history of people. It was fought on a scale, and at a cost in human suffering, unparalleled in the history of man kind. Countries from every continent, including most of those in Europe, had taken part. Whole populations had been marshalled to serve their countries war efforts1. All these came to an end when on 11 November 1918, Germany finally agreed to sign an armistice. What is very important to know, is that this armistice was actually based on United States’ President Woodrow Wilson’s â€Å"Fourteen Points†. However, the Treaty of Versailles, sharply differed from Wilson’s points, and Germany, who felt betrayed, denounced the treaty as â€Å"morally invalid.† Henig claimed that the fact that it did not survive the 1920s intact stemmed, not so much from the terms of the peace treaties themselves but from the reluctance of political leaders in the inter-war period to enforce them2. Overall, the Treaty of Versailles was flawed to the extent that instead of preventing future wars it made a future war inevitable! But let’s take things from the beginning in our attempt to demonstrate the reasons that led the Versailles Treaty, to be considered a failure. The goal following World War I was to restore European stability and maintain everlasting peace. However, these goals were recognized by all of the leaders as not easily achievable. French Prime Minister Clemenceau commented on the day the armistice was signed on 11 November 1918, â€Å"We have won the war: now we have to win the peace, and it may be more difficult3. The French politician Marshal Foch, as the Versailles Treaty was being signed, stated rather prophetically, â€Å"This is not peace; it is an armistice for 20 years4.† Indeed, Foch was absolutely correct. The Versailles Treaty did little to shape any sort of long-term peace from the results of World War I. Instead, the treaty, hastily put together, was vague, exposed the Allies’ inability to cooperate toward an agreement, and fuelled German nationalism from resentment over her treatment by the Allies in the treaty. The principle reasons for the failure of the Treaty of Versailles to establish a long-term peace include the following. Firstly, the Allies disagreed on how best to treat Germany, also Germany re... ... the Treaty of Versailles from ever approaching success, however, was not the terms of the treaty, but rather the reluctance to enforce the terms by the Allies. They were naà ¯ve to assume that Germany would cooperate with the treaty terms by themselves. Thus within a year of the peace conference, the victorious alliance had crumbled away. It was this critical collapse, rather than the provisions of the peace terms themselves, which ensured that the Treaty of Versailles was never fully accepted or enforced7. The Allies were strong enough to win the war, but not strong enough to secure the peace! BIBLIOGRAPHY: ïÆ'˜Â  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Adamthwaite, Antony. The Making of the Second World War (New York, 1992). ïÆ'˜Â  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Henig, Ruth. Versailles and After: 1919 – 1933 (London: Routledge, 1995). ïÆ'˜Â  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hobsbawm, Eric. The Age of Extremes: A History of the World, 1914 – 1991 (New York, 1996). ïÆ'˜Â  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Keynes, John Maynard. The Economic Consequences of the Peace (New York, 1920). ïÆ'˜Â  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Kitchen, Martin. Europe Between the Wars (London, 2000). ïÆ'˜Â  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Marks, Sally. The Illusion of Peace: International Relations in Europe, 1918 – 1933 (London, 1976).

A Career as a Public Health Specialist Essay -- Occupational Issues

There is no doubt with the advances in technology that, as a population, we are continuing to live longer; yet with the cost of medical care constantly on the raise, is it any wonder an industry would develop out of the concept of â€Å"preventative† maintenance? We are after all, all too aware of this concept; from large corporations who strive to maintain their expensive equipment in an attempt to secure the bottom line, to the local neighbor who would rather afford the costs of preventative maintenance over the expense of replacing a broken down vehicle. To that effect, automobile manufacturers have even begun to include major necessary â€Å"preventative maintenance† items in their â€Å"owner’s manuals.† For instance, I have to replace my timing belt and water pump every 75k miles in my Nissan. Interestingly enough, while we were focused on maintaining everything else around us, somehow we forgot to consider our most valuable complex asset, our bo dies. How is it that the maintenance of a human health and its performance somehow got left over looked and left to fall through the cracks? The need for public health specialists†¦ Until till recent years the thought of humans not only living well in to their 80’s and 90’s, but living vibrant lives was concept that did not appear to go hand-n-hand. However, today the thought is not only real but, the concept and relevance of â€Å"quality of life,† both before and well into the twilight years, is more important than ever before thus making the demand for, and need, of educators and health advocacy even greater. So, what is public health†¦? The concept of public health is not a foreign one; it ultimately emerged from the practice of heroic medicine. Yet today it has evolved into something ... ... us, knowingly or unknowingly, at greater risk that can and possibly will lead us to a dark place. If this trend is allowed to continue or, perhaps revelation through education suffices and people start making their health a priority, one thing is for sure, either way, the future of the public health professional is not only bright but it will only continue to get brighter. Sources: 1. www.whatispublichealth.org/what/index.html; Title: What is Public Health 2. www.healthstate.mn.us/pathways/specialtyareas.html ; Title: Public Health Career Specialty Areas; Sub-Specialties of Public Health 3. www.whatispublichealth.org/faqs/index; Title: What is Public Health? – Frequently Asked Questions 4. www.pzfizerpublichealth.com/publichealthbooks.aspx 5. www.whatispublichealth.org/impact/achievement.html; Title: What is Public Health? – Impact of Public Health

Mmr Vaccine

The MMR vaccine was introduced in October 1988 to provide a one-shot immunisation against three diseases – measles, mumps and rubella. Since its widespread introduction, recommended by the World Health Organisation, rates of these diseases have fallen close to zero in immunised western populations. FOR Two doses of MMR gives 99 per cent protection against measles – the most serious of the diseases immunised against. Most doctors believe giving the three vaccines at once is a good idea.If given one at a time (three single vaccines followed by a booster for each), they have to be carefully spaced out. The fear is that many parents would fail to complete the course. Children could also be vulnerable to infection between inoculations. If more than 15 per cent of the population fail to vaccinate their children, measles epidemics could return to the UK. Government-commissioned study (published in the Lancet in 1999) investigated claims that MMR was linked to autism and bowel disease. It concluded there was no link.Another study commissioned by the Department of Health and published in January this year also gave MMR the all-clear. The scientific establishment remains convinced that MMR is the safest option. Professor Peter Lachman, President of the Academy of Medical Sciences, said: ‘Even if there are dangers, all the evidence suggests that the chances of something nasty happening to you as a result of not getting vaccinated are around 100 times greater than something nasty happening to you if you do. ‘ AGAINSTParents first voiced concerns over links between MMR and autism and the bowel condition Crohn's disease in the mid-1990s. There were several cases of healthy children developing these conditions after being given the vaccine. Increasing numbers of parents decided not to have their children vaccinated with the triple vaccine. They were supported by a handful of doctors happy to administer the vaccines in single doses. Dr Andrew Wakefiel d, a consultant gastroenterologist, drew national attention to a possible link between the illnesses and the MMR method of vaccination in a study in 1998.Dr Wakefield resigned from his post at the Royal Free and University College Medical School in North London earlier this month after being told his research did not ‘fit in' with the college's strategy. Dr Wakefield claims combining three live viruses in one injection could be dangerous. He has speculated that the MMR vaccine damages the bowel, releasing toxins that travel to the brain and trigger autism. He recommends children are vaccinated against mumps, measles and rubella one at a time.Paul Shattock, of the Autism Research Unit in Sheffield, who is carrying out a large- scale study of 5,000 autistic children in Britain, supports Dr Wake-field's findings. There is growing interest in his work in Canada and the U. S. where similar concerns about MMR have been raised. Statistics on autism seem to back up the suspicions of t hose opposed to the MMR vaccine. Some research suggests a ten-fold rise in cases in the past ten years. This corresponds to the introduction of MMR. http://www. dailymail. co. uk/health/article-89553/The-case-MMR-vaccine. html

Jane Eyre compares to The Eyre Affiar

The maln protagonist from both Jane Eyre and The Eyre Affair both deal with the struggles of achieving honest love with their respective love interest due to the unusual circumstances of the relationships. For Jane, her and Rochester's relationship is not normal in any sense of the word. For Thursday, the issues she has with Landen are much more realistic, but they sting just the same. Both Jane and Thursday have their fair share of Issues with their men, but some of them are not that far off from each other. Quite a few of their relationship problems are the same, however varying In some degree.The want to no longer love but know deep Inside you always will, the surprise wife that springs up out of nowhere, and a purposeful distancing because of differences in ideal. Both Jane and Thursday understand what it feels like to love even though you wish you didnt. For Jane, she has felt this way about Rochester a few times throughout the book. One of them is when Rochester leaves Thornfie ld for a few days on business. This where Jane starts to become confused about how she really felt about Rochester, what exactly does she want to happen between the two of them? l had not intended to love him; the reader knows I ad wrought hard to extirpate from my soul the germs of love there detected; and now, at the first renewed view of him, they spontaneously revived, great and strong! He made me love him without looking at me† (Bronte 128). This shows that the feeling are definitely there and, apparently, stronger than ever. This is an example of how Jane's feelings snuck up on her and that they are not what she Intended to happen at all. No matter how much she desires to not feel this way, It Is out of her control.Even though she may think that she is able to repress her feelings, they can never truly isappear, they may only be momentarily hidden. For Thursday, her feeling for Landen are there from when the book begins. She has her personal reasons for wishing that she no longer loved him. Whenever his name comes up, mostly by her family, she does her best to completely ignore it and quickly move past it. She hopes that the distance will take away her feelings but It only makes her heart grow fonder. During her first meeung with Landen, when she Is finally able to bring herself to look at him, her emotions hit her. The warmth and sensitivity I had once known so well as still there. I looked up at him, caught his gaze and looked away quickly. I had felt my eyes moisten. I was embarrassed by my feelings and scratched my nose nervously† (Fforde 114). Without warning, they come back and she does he best to try and hide them. She doesnt want to show how she feels in hope that she will start to believe the Ile that she Is telling herself. It Is obvious that she does not want Landen to know that she still loves him, she wants to keep up the act that she is angry with him.She is fighting a losing battle on the inside that shows on the outside, evide nt by er eyes starting to tear up. Both Jane and Thursday know too well the feeling of love and wishing it away with little success. One thing that makes these two situations different is that Jane is allowed to feel however she wants, she Just thinks it would be better to hide It. Thursday on the other hand Is not allowing herself to feel the love tnat Dotn ner ana Landen Know sne nas. sne nas Dullt up tnls wall towards nlm, wanting to keep him out but still close enough.A rather surprising similarity between these two novels is that the concept of the surprise wife appearing in both. In Jane's case, Jane finds out on the day of her planned wedding to Rochester that he is actually a taken man. He is technically married to a woman by the name of Bertha who he keeps locked away in the attic because she is not fit to wander the manor. She mentally sick and unstable, prone to violent outburst, especially to Rochester. When Rochester reveals Bertha, he compares her to Jane. â€Å"Compa re these clear eyes with the red balls yonder- this face with that mask- this form with that bulk† (Bronte 213).Rochester is basically calling Bertha a beast, trying to Justify his wrong actions. He is trying to reason his actions to Jane by saying Bertha should not even be considered a person worth making such a fuss over. His argument however is not the best, despite his true feelings for Jane, she can not look past it. For Thursday, the situation is a little more practical but actually hurts instead of shocks. During Thursdays second meet up with Landen, Right after they argue about the Crimea and her brother, Landen tries to end the fghting. Can we ever get over this Thursday? I need to know as a matter of urgency' (Fforde 188). This one line, seemingly somewhat unimportant, sets the hole scene for Daisy Mutlar, Landen's fianc ©. This information is revealed later on when Thursday calls Landen, only to end up talking to Daisy. Right off the bat, Daisy seems like a nasty women whose only goal is to get married, and it doesn't really matter to who as made clear in her remark to Thursday: mfou listen. If you try anything at all to interfere with my happiness I'll wring your stupid little neck! † (Fforde 214).Later on, Landen tries to Justify what he did by explaining to Thursday that he tried with her, but she made it clear to him that she couldn't let go of the past. It was time for him to move on with his life. For Jane and Thursday, this idea of the â€Å"other woman† really hurts and send both of them on an emotional rollercoaster. The unexpectedness of the situation creates the shock value that simply adds fuel to the fire. However, a key difference to notice is that Rochester is completely in the wrong while Landen technically had every right to do what he did, whether he should have done it is a different question.He had no actual commitment to Thursday, she is the one who broke thing off and she is the one who constantly pushes hi m away. Everyone has that point where they are done and accept reality. To him, finally ending thinks for Thursday was the right thing to do because that's what he thought she wanted. Both Jane and Thursday come to a critical point in their relationships where they are faced with the choice to stay or walk away. Their desire to stay is overcome by the flood of hurt feelings along with the instinctive intuition that leaving is best.For Thursday, this conflict happens before the book actually starts. It is later revealed to the reader that Landen Parke- Laine is an ex-boyfriend that Thursday was very much in love with. Both of them fought in the Crimea, where Landen lost one of his legs and also Thursday. Thursdays brother, Anton, also fought but sadly didn't make it, along with practically all of the Light Armored Brigade. This tragedy of war was devastating and because there were few survivors; the story of what actually happened is unclear.Landen, nowever, 010 survive, ana accor01n g to nlm, tne reason tnat all tnose llves were lost that day was because of a mistake made by Anton. Because Landen was the only one able to make the report, his word became the truth. This is where the ten year long eparation started. Thursdays anger toward Landen is so powerful hat even after all this time, she still refused to look at him when she finally saw him again. â€Å"We played like this for perhaps ten minutes, but I couldn't bring myself to look at him.I knew that if I did I would smile and I didn't want to do that. I wanted him to known I was still pissed off' (Fforde 114). Thursdays active attempts to show her anger shows Just how deeply what he did hurt her. It is clear that she still loves him but can't simply won't allow herself to. Thursday is pushing Landen away but is also holding on to the ope that he will stay. For Jane's situation, her and Rochester's critical moment is after Jane finds out about Bertha, a mentally ill women whom Rochester was tricked into m arrying and is still considered his wife.This is the last straw for Jane as she had previously put up with Rochester's harmless deceitful ways, but this time, it was too significant to overlook. Jane's anger stewed up inside her until she couldn't hold it any longer, and she and Rochester get into a heated argument the night Jane decides to leave. The argument reaches its climax when Jane pronounces, â€Å"Mr. Rochester, I will not be yours† (Bronte 227). It is here where Jane takes her final stand and factually states her view of the situation.A statement as clear and direct as this plainly conveys Jane's emotions, leaving no room for any other interpretation other than the one that it means, that she is done. She does not leave Rochester with any sense of hope that she still has the intention of being with him. The argument comes to a close and later that night, Jane leaves, without any notice. Both Jane and Thursday make this rash decisions but with every right to do so. T hey are extremely urt by what has happened to them and they can no longer bare to be around these men, so they remove themselves from the situation.It was an not an easy thing for either of them to do; leaving the one you love is not a happy experience, in any sense, but both of them knew it was what needed to be done. Love is only one of the things that these two women have to deal with throughout their stories, but it may be the most important. In both cases, the book ends with the evident marriage of the unusual couple, forgetting all the problems they had along the way. In the personal lives of these characters, love is what matters to them.No matter what they are experiencing on the outside, the subject still stays somewhere in their head, it never fully leaves. That is why happy endings tend to wrap up with the wedding that could be seen practically from the start. Jane and Thursday, though they both had great struggles with love, some of them not too different from each other , both managed to get what they wanted in the end, even though they spent so much time wishing they didn't want it. They were able to but all of the deceit in their relationships behind them and focus on the truth, that they are in love.