Animation :: essays research papers

liveness life is a optic technique that creates the illusion of interrogative sentence, rather than put down motion through live action. The technique is used mainly for motion demos. Animation can be created by illustrators, filmmakers, video makers, and computer specialists. Animation is most popular in creating cartoon movies. Advertisers also employ spirit to develop commercials for television. In addition, producers of instructional films may use liveness to wait on explain a difficult idea or one that could non be shown in live action. Animation can also be combined with live action in a movie. Many animators slip by to make many drawings by hand. Since the mid-1980s, however, computer assistance combined with hand-drawn animation has become standard in many movie studios. These methods created such feature-length invigorate films as The Lion King (1994) and The Prince of Egypt (1998). One increasingly important face of animation is computer-generated stunt manry (CGI), in which the computer creates the characters and backgrounds and animates them without actually photographing either cels or figures. Films made entirely with CGI include Toy Story (1995), Antz (1998), and A Bugs bread and butter (1998). Most CGI-animated characters start with a sketch or small forge called a maquette that is used for reference. The artist then creates a computer image called a wireframe gravel. The wireframe model serves as a framework for a circumvent or skin that gives the computer image a solid, three-dimensional appearance. To prod the character, a computer animator changes the positions of the wireframe model in a egress of key frames. The computer then supplies the frames between the key frames, moving the model from one of the animators positions to the next. After creating the three-dimensional model, the artist adds color, texture, and shading in a process known as texture mapping. Texture mapping makes the surfaces of the characters and shot look real. A texture map can be created by a computer program or scanned from an actual photograph. The final gradation is called rendering. During rendering, the computer calculates the effect of light, color, and texture on the models surface. For a film or video, the computer will produce a two-dimensional digital picture of the characters for each frame of the animation. The computer artist usually adjusts many visual effects, such as camera focus and transparency, during the rendering phase.