Essay --

James Eagan Holmes didnt let six- class-old Veronica Moser-Sullivan out of that movie theatre that fateful night. Daniel Parmentors mamma didnt get a chance to say goodbye to him because of T.J. Lane. Mary Sherlacks husband will non set the table for her after tour Lanza entered her school. The actions of those three shooters were not to cause such small but widespread repercussions for so many other mourning people. They all suffered from various mental illnesses. 79% of recent shootings are attributable to mental illnesses. The U.S. should re-evaluate gun screenings to decrease the odds of another mass shooting by not allowing anyone with any mental or psychological problem to avouch or possess a firearm. While the Constitution states that everyone has the right to bear arms, the present situation is different from that past, when relations with expectant Britain were shaky. Secondly, gun violence is on the rise, with 46 school shootings since 2010, compared with only 40 from 2000 to 2010. Finally, if gun screenings are modified, there will be many jobs available, while bestow to national security at the same time. Many gun owner argue that since the Constitution gives everyone the right to bear arms, that we should obey the law and allow everyone to own guns. While this is true, it does not mention that it was everywhere a different time period that the law was passed. During that time period, relations with Great Britain were shaky, and the U.S. government wanted to envision that each citizen would be able to defend themselves. It was essential that the country to be armed so that a part of it could not be taken over by another country that would have been greedy for power. Guns also made people feel safer, and therefore loyal to the... ...A lot of money? Yes it is. But that does not have tobe that only big change made by the government. If a fee of 50$ to own a single gun for a year was introduced, then the U.S. could make the U.S lots of money to pay for the program, and they would turn a profit at the same time.Theres no perfect mind of firearms in the U.S. because creating a national registry of firearms is prohibited by federal law, noted Alex Katz, a spokesman for Mayors Against Illegal Guns. But academics and interest groups across the political spectrum generally agree on the 300 million figure. And if the estimates that Katz gave are accurate, then the U.S. could have 15 billion dollars rolling in at the same time, and after lag expenses are paid, they can make nearly 2.5 billion dollars per year. This price tag that comes with the guns could even discourage some potential gunbuyers.

Theme of the Creator in William Blakes The Lamb and The Tiger :: essays research papers

A Creator of Innocence and Terror?Could there be a creator that has the audacity to prep are one creature so pure, gentle, and innocent then, in turn, create another creature of a hideous nature, so terrifying that one could be compulsive to insanity just by thinking upon it? In William Blakes poems The honey and The Tyger he describes such a creator as this. The reader will learn that there are several similarities between the two poems, but in these similarities there are excessively various differences. In William Blakes poem The Lamb the utterer begins with the ultimate question, Little Lamb, who made thee?/ Dost though know who made thee?/ (Blake lines 1-2). The speaker then continues to elaborate on the question in a playful, innocent, cantillate manner describing the kindness and thoughtfulness that the creator put in to producing this ever so gentle lamb. The tone of this poem is soft and lulling, the tender, calm rhyme purpose puts the reader in a soothing, dreamlik e state. The words and images presented - stream, mead, delight, softest, tender and rejoice - are positive and pastoral. One can picture a lamb frolicking in the green grass (Smith). In the second stanza the speaker restates the question, then proudly the speaker declares, Little Lamb Ill tell thee,/ Little Lamb Ill tell thee/ (Blake lines 11-12). Allusions to rescuerianity blossom in the poem at this point as the speaker states that the creator of this lamb is called by the same name. In Christianity, Jesus Christ is referred to as the lamb of God and/or the Sheppard, His followers are also referred to as His flock. The speaker then proceeds to state that he and the lamb are one and the same, ending the poem with Little Lamb God bless thee./ Little Lamb God bless thee./(Blake lines 19-20) this invokes reassurance in the reader.William Blakes poem The Tyger also asks the ultimate question What immortal hand or eye/ Could frame thy fearful symmetry?/ (Blake lines 3-4). The tone o f this poem is more of a horrific nature. The speaker seems as if he is trying to escape this horrendous beast, the reader can almost feel the panic and terror that the speaker seems to be going through. Blake creates this assemble by drawing on several poetic devices(Furr). The first of these is trochaic meter, which gives the poem an underlying beat or chant like quality.

Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman as Epic Tragedy Essay -- Death Sal

Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman as Epic Tragedy Aristotles Poetics defines the making of a dramatic or epic tragedy and presents the general principles of the construction of this genre. Surprisingly, over the centuries authors have remained remarkably close to Aristotles guidelines. Arthur Millers twentieth century tragedy Death of a Salesman is an example of this adherence to Aristotles prescription for tragedy. It is significant to test Aristotles explanation and requirements of tragedy by comparison and contrast, against a contemporary tragedy and to make observations with regard to what influence society and culture may have on the genre. This countersign however, will be confined to the realm of plot and the more notable aspects of the construction of the incidents in tragedy because of the complexity of this element. Aristotles attention throughout much of Poetics is direct towards the requirements and expectations of plot. Plot, the soul of tragedy, Aristotle says, mu st be an imitation of a noble and complete action. In Death of a Salesman, Miller does provide a complete action, that is it has what Aristotle identifies as a beginning, a middle, and an end. These divisible sections must, and do in the case of Death of a Salesman, meet the criterion of their respective placement. Whether Miller provides a nobel action, however, is an issue of culture. Willy Loman in the long run takes his own life so that his son Biff may benefit from the insurance money that he will receive. The question then, is according to our culture is his felo-de-se noble? Since Willys suicide is perpetrated for Biffs benefit, one could view this act as sacrifice. Sacrifice is in our culture, a pious and admirable quality, one of... ...ath of a Salesman Twentieth century Literature. January, 1972. 19-24. Rpt. in World Literary Criticism. Ed. Frank Magill. Arthur Miller Detroit Gale Research, 1992. 2366-2368. Hayman, Ronald. Arthur Miller. New York Frederick Ungar, 1972 . Hoeveler, D. J. Bens Influence. Arthur Miller?s Death of a Salesman Modern Critical Interpretations. Ed. Harold Blum. Philadelphia Chelsea House, 1988. 72-81. Magill, Frank. Death of a Salesman. Master Plots. Englewood Cliffs Salem, 1976. 1365-1368. Miller, Arthur. Death of a Salesman. New York Penguin, 1949. ---. Conversations With Arthur Miller. Jackson Mississippi UP, 1987. Parker, Brian. Point of View in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman. Arthur Miller A Collection of Critical Essays. Ed. Robert Corrigan. Englewood Cliffs Prentice Hall, 1969. 98-107.

Aristotelian Intellectual Intuition, Basic Beliefs and Naturalistic Epistemology :: Philosophy Philosophical Essays

Aristotelian Intellectual Intuition, Basic Beliefs and Naturalistic EpistemologyABSTRACT I first argue that Aristotelian intellectual intuition (recognizing archai by means of epagoge and seeing their truth by recognizing their explanatory ability through genius) generates basic beliefs which are not inferred inductively or deductively from other beliefs. Both involve synthetic nonrational insight. Epagoge grasps a connection and nous sees its general applicability. I next argue that such beliefs are right basic by adapting an argument made by Hilary Kornblith. According to Kornblith, the human is objectively divided into natural kinds. We humans perceive the world divided into natural kinds. There is empirical evidence suggesting that we divide the world not only as it is objectively divided, but in making inductive inferences, that is, in inferring that an object will have certain properties on the footing of its having others. This grounds the reliability of (certain) ind uctive inferences. But the leading principles (in Peirces sense) of these inferences are basic beliefs generated through intellectual intuition. Hence intellectual intuition generates certain properly basic beliefs. For Aristotle science is demonstration from first principles. But how does one arrive at these first principles? We observe particular instances and record those observations in memory. This material generates a logos, a meaning. (1) This is the process of epagoge which frames or formulates the archai. We recognize that archai are true, we come to believe them, by the operation of nous. Through nous we come to recognize the explanatory power of archai. In recognizing this, that the archai are true to the facts, we recognize their truth. Particular experiences suggest a certain arche. But nous lets us see that this arche is the way in which the facts tail end be understood. (2) But, as Randall emphasizes, nous does not intuit the explanatory power of these archai indepen dently of, or in abstraction from, the facts they explain. Nous does not see the truth of archai by holding them up, in isolation ..., and just staring at them it sees their truth in the subject matter. (3)Does intellectual intuition generate basic beliefs? Experience suggests archai nous grasps their truth by seeing that they explain certain facts. Are these archai then inferred beliefs, inferred from the facts they allegedly explain? Are they conclusions of arguments whose premises describe these facts? Aristotle views science as deductive system. The arche of that science would not be deduced from more basic first principles.

Anxiety in Post Open-Heart Patients Essay -- Health, Diseases, Theorie

Concept analysis of Anxiety For many decades nursing has been developing incisions to assist with development of theoretical and idealual bases. Concept analysis has been identified by Walker and Avant (2005) as encouraging communication within the discipline it is being research in. Walker and Avant (2005) also point out that the results of the plan analysis, the operational definition, the antecedents, and the shaping attributes can provide scientists with an excellent beginning for a new tool or an excellent way to evaluate an old one (p.64). Walker and Avant (2005) ground their process on a simplified version of Wilsons (1963) concept analysis procedure whereby there were 11 steps. Walker and Avant (2005) have condensed this process to 8 steps. For this particular concept analysis this is the process that will be used. The current nursing diagnosis anxiety will be used in this poll as set forth by the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association.Selection of the Concept Within Walker and Avant (2005) the selection of a concept is the first step with concept analysis. With selection of a concept choice is important as it relates to the research within the area of interest. The concept needs to var. on the phenomenon of concern within the discipline. With this in mind the concept of anxiety is in need of being examined as it relates to the post open-heart population. A tool is require to identify anxiety associated specifically with the post open-heart patient in mind. Moreover anxiety has been scientifically researched and is in need of business organizationful analysis for this population (Anjali & Ulrich, 2007 Akansel & Kaymaki, 2007 Christensen, 2007). The tool proposed is the Subjective Unit Discomfort Scale (Wolp... ...d pressure, heart rate or respirations as well as light-headedness and dizziness.Table 1Empirical Referents of Anxiety physiologicalParasympathetic__________________Sympathetic________________NauseaIncreased blood pressur e Dry mouthDiarrheaIncreased pulseHeadachesFrequent urinationIncreased respirationsRestlessnessDizziness diaphoresisPacingLight-headednessFlushingPupil dilationDyspneaInsomnia/nightmaresBehavioral_________Expressions of helplessnessPreoccupationFeelings of inadequacyRuminationCryingInability to problem-solveDifficulty concentratingTremblingConclusion The information derived from this concept analysis will be used to develop an instrument to further the validation of environmental noise in post open-heart patients in the acute care setting.

Anxiety in Post Open-Heart Patients Essay -- Health, Diseases, Theorie

fancy analysis of Anxiety For many decades nursing has been developing tools to assist with development of theoretical and conceptual bases. Concept analysis has been identified by pedestrian and Avant (2005) as encouraging communication within the discipline it is being research in. baby buggy and Avant (2005) also point bulge that the results of the concept analysis, the operational definition, the antecedents, and the defining attributes can provide scientists with an excellent beginning for a new tool or an excellent way to evaluate an older one (p.64). Walker and Avant (2005) based their process on a simplified version of Wilsons (1963) concept analysis procedure whereby there were 11 steps. Walker and Avant (2005) have condensed this process to 8 steps. For this particular concept analysis this is the process that will be used. The current nursing diagnosis anxiety will be used in this study as set forth by the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association.Selection of the Concept Within Walker and Avant (2005) the selection of a concept is the first step with concept analysis. With selection of a concept choice is important as it relates to the research within the orbit of interest. The concept needs to build on the phenomenon of concern within the discipline. With this in mind the concept of anxiety is in need of being examined as it relates to the come out open-heart population. A tool is needed to identify anxiety associated specifically with the pose open-heart patient in mind. Moreover anxiety has been scientifically researched and is in need of mensurable analysis for this population (Anjali & Ulrich, 2007 Akansel & Kaymaki, 2007 Christensen, 2007). The tool proposed is the Subjective Unit Discomfort Scale (Wolp... ...d pressure, heart rate or respirations as well as light-headedness and dizziness.Table 1Empirical Referents of AnxietyPhysiologicalParasympathetic__________________Sympathetic________________Nauseaincrease blood press ure Dry mouthDiarrheaIncreased pulseHeadachesFrequent urinationIncreased respirationsRestlessnessDizzinessPerspirationPacingLight-headednessFlushingPupil dilationDyspneaInsomnia/nightmaresBehavioral_________Expressions of helplessnessPreoccupationFeelings of inadequacyRuminationCryingInability to problem-solveDifficulty concentrating shakingConclusion The information derived from this concept analysis will be used to develop an instrument to further the validation of environmental noise in post open-heart patients in the acute care setting.

Success in Islamic Concept

Happiness and success in Islamic concept Arifa Tariq Saira Virk Information Technology University Dr.Junaid Qadir11 May 2018?AbstractPurification of center of attention and soulHuman macrocosm is created of water and clay as we know however after that we keep body and soul in it. People just care approximately body, what more or less soul?People do non care closely soul, how to purify it, how to be closer to satisfaction, how to reach closer to felicitousness and success?Many mass around the world suffering from stress, emotional diseases looking for the cure, altogether when they are still hollow inside and dont know how to find the cure. Try to recognize the nausea inside your testify self. ALLAH almighty in Quran focused on the importance of purifying the soul and feel. Try to recognize the sickness inside your own self. Quran Verses ALLAH says in Quran1. He has succeeded who purifies the soul, and he has failed who corrupts the soul. Surah Ash-Shams91910So you hav e dickens choices either purify your soul, try to reach closer to the level of satisfaction or corrupt it. Purification comes from Zakat, Tazkiyah and Tazkiyah of nafs.He also said2. Go to Pharaoh, for verily, he is a transgressor. Say to him Will you purify yourself? Surah An-Naziat 7917-183.He has succeeded who purifies himself, who remembers the name of his Lord and prays. Surah Al-Ala8714-15 This is how purification is tie in to the success and happiness.We learn from these verses that our success and happiness in life here and hereafter depends on our uncanny purification. We must purify our hearts from environmental and spiritual diseases like greed, hatred, lie, pride, ignorance and other harmful worldliness diseases and try to adopt the spiritual virtues to help the environment and suffice humanity by adopting justice, generosity, compassion and many more. Types of heart1. plump and healthy heartALLAH says in QuranA day when there leave al unrivalled be no benefit in w ealth or children, but only in he who comes to Allah with a pure heart. Surah Ash-Shuara 2688-89 The type of heart which is healthy and good and only sake refuge from ALLAH and will rescue him on the Day of Judgment.The truth and mend heart is which is secure from shirk and work will all the love and desire that his actions are only for ALLAHs sake by obeying his all orders and sayings.Their some question can come in someones mind that1. Does all these activities done by man are just temporary, for to attain bored things and desire for the sake of praise from the people?2. Was all these activities done without any fear of people? Was all the activities done just with the pure believe to serve the chieftain ALLAH almighty?3. Was all the actions done also to please the last Prophet (PBUH) of ALLAH.The 1st two questions requires sincerity (IKHLAS) that all the things are just for the Master and 3rd question requires to follow the foot step of last Prophet of ALLAH (MUTABAAH). None of our actions will be considered accepted if Ikhlas and Mutabaah both conditions do not met. Having sound heart it joins the ranks of truthfulness, secure, healthy and happy heart.We clean our house, when we invite someone to our house in addition clean your heart as if you want to invite ALLAH and have religious belief and patience. He will make all the doors of happiness and success open for you. Nobody knows your pain more than who creates us, nobody in this world cares for us as often as the ALLAH and HE is all knowing and most wise Indeed. 2. Sick heartThe diseased heart which is either closer to secure his dreams of world, secure his worldly life or very close to devastation.This heart only contains love of ALLAH, show trust and reliance upon him only for the sake of his worldly essentials. This heart only shows eagerness to attain his desires, the desires which only does exists in this temporary world. This heart also contains jealousy, arrogance, pride, self-amazement a nd corruption only for the worldly matters which does only make us much closer to destruction and devastation.Man just had forgotten his purpose of creation in this mortal world, ho forgot that each body part has a job, similarly a heart also had a job, and if it is sick it will not do his job properly . Indeed ALLAH is the Guide of those who believe, to the straight path.3. Dead heartThis type of heart is dead, having no life. This heart does not follow any path else than then path which pleased him. This heart does not know about its Lord or Master, in short it is a slave of his own desires, action and activities. If he fulfills his dreams, he does not care about pleasing or displeasing of his Master (The one who creates him).If it loves, it loves just for the sake of his desires and if he hates it does only just for the sake of his own mean. In short his dreams are his master. He is a person of his own desires. The man with this heart is putting himself to the way to destruction and devastation.SoulSoul is the essence of human body, the main importance as compared to other creations of ALLAH. attainment does not reached about the soul, that what is the essence of the soul. When any living creator dies like an animal as compared to human there is no difference in its wait, but the moment when human dies, immediately there is a loss of wait that means something he is losing the moment he dies.Quran Says 1. Every soul shall have taste of oddment. (Surah Al Imran) In this world there is a life for the test of here after and every person shall have taste of death.2. ALLAH has created death and life to test which of you in good deeds (Suran Al Mulk)For there is no pleasure, sweetness, ibtihaaj or perfection except by knowing and loving to the Master,there is only peace in remembering him, happiness and success is only by being closer to him and desiring to meet him in the life hereafter.Discovering self for happiness In Islamic tradition, the who am I? question in the broadest sense of the word is more important and comes prior to the strongly related subject of happiness. Happiness is not a goal to be pursued on its own, rather to be attained as part of realization of discovering and nurturing the self.As the subject of happiness is enclose within the study of the self, it cannot be explained outside the term self or soul, (nafs) that includes a broad range of topics including the heart (qalb), spirit (ruh), intellect (aql), and will (irada) as well as human nature (fitrah) (Nasr, 2014).The nafs when extensioned in the Quran without any addition, refers to self and exists of three levels that are interconnected to each other (Schimmel, 1994, 184) nafs ammara (1253) The set out (animal) self, the carnal soul that incites to evil. nafs lawwama (752) The struggling self. nafs mutmainna (8927) The higher self at peace, the satisfied, peaceful perfection realized sage soul.Naquib Al-Attas (Philosopher) explains the two dimensions to hap piness in Islamic understanding with two different terms pleasure and true happiness. The self (nafs) attains true happiness from knowledge and good acknowledgment (virtue) experienced by the rational soul (higher self) and happiness of transient quality from worldly (bodily) pleasures experienced by the animal soul (Attas, 1995, 91-92).However, comprehending and knowing the truth about the self and idol is not sufficient, one also needs to act according to this truth and therefore moral virtues are important (Khadduri, 1984, 82). The connection between happiness, success and moral virtues, Al-Kindi explains that in overcoming veridical and psychological causes of sorrow, material possessions and other worldly deeds are nothing compared to the cultivation of virtues.Virtues play an important role in the attainment of happiness related to this world and the hereafter (Nasr, 2014).Tawakkul on Allah and Ibadat for happiness & successThe person who possesses tawakkul attains the sta te of contentment. This person still faces the ordinary challenges of earthly life but does so in a state of inner contentment.As the Quran states explicitly, this is why the friends of God (the awliya?), who have fully attained the stations of tawakkul and rida? ?, are neither fearful nor sorrowful. For such people, take down the fear of God is transformed into joy, for this fear is the beginning of wisdom, as stated by St. Paul and also in the famous saying (hadith) of the Prophet, The fear of God is the beginning of wisdom. 13 Performing obligatory ibadat requires self-discipline and sacrifice but result in happiness and success.As call of prayer (Adhan) states Hayya ala-l-FalahHurry to success (Rise up for Salvation)Success of Muslim is to hurry for its obligatory duties which make him/her successful in this life and also in hereafter.Similarly, Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah has narrated that the Holy Prophet stated, in that respect are two glad tidings for the man who fasts one at t he time of sunset and the other when he meets his Rab. (Sahih Bukhari 255/1 1805)It is not however only the ibadat themselves that bring about happiness it is also our knowingthat in performing them we are doing Gods Will and thereby experiencing the grace (barakah) that issues from the performance of sacred rites.In carrying out ordinary human transactions, or muya?-mala?t, in accordance with the Sharyah, one is also doing Gods Will.14Success of the selfThe success of the self, as explained in the Quran, lies in allowing the self to grow and one who disallows the self (soul) to grow, who destroys this growth, is describes as one who is in failure (917-10). The development of the self, that is given the capacity to distinguish right from wrong (917), includes falling and standing and making choices.This process of growth is not focused on making faultless, sinless, pure good creatures (angels) at the end (431).The highest stage in that sense that is aimed at, is the level where the re is mutual satisfaction reached between the self and God but also within the self as a whole (8927).Also for the success of a person soul and self the ihsan is necessary element.As mention in Quran Verily Allah likes from a doer of an action that when an action is performed, it is made beautiful (yuhsinahu)Allah is good and only accepts that which is good. Related by Muslim (no. 1686)Ihsan entails acquiring good character trait. Abu Hurayra reported that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, I was sent to perfect good character.Also, come in hadith The shell of you in Islam are those who are most excellent in character as long as you deeply understand the religion. Ahmad, SahihThe person who possess the character traits of ihsan and does his/her work with perfection are true successful people.These traits are No harming and reciprocating harm Do not envy what people have Trust in Allah (Twakkul)If a person have these traits that is close to Allah and most satisfied.SufismThe Islamic philosophers have also dealt extensively with the question of happiness, which they, like the Sufis, associate in its essence with the invariable and the enduring and, following the Quran, with paradisal realities and the Hereafter. Ibn Sna? in Latin, ibn-Sina, the prince of the Islamic philosopher-scientists whose influence pervades all later Islamic philosophy, associates happiness with purification of the soul and knowledge of the intelligible world, the world of light, from which it descended into this world.In his famous Poem of the Soul, he writes,15Why then was she the soul cast down from her high peakTo this degrading depth? God brought her lowBut for a purpose wise, that is concealedEen from the keenest mind and loveliest wit.And if the tangled mesh impeded her,The narrow cage denied her wings to soarFreely in heavens high ranges after allShe was a lightning-flash that brightly glowed Momentarily over the tents, and then was hidAs thoug h its gleam was never glimpsed below.Ibn S?n?a? considers the happiness of the soul to be the result of the process of the soul to reach, through self-purification, the state of tajarrud, which can be attained not only in the Hereafter, but also in this life. Purification prepares the soul for the attainment of that knowledge that results in true happiness.16The Attainment of happiness and success (Conclusion)To understand and attain happiness is different thing.All religion and cultures know how to achieve transient happiness and success. But real challenge is achieving perm happiness and success in this world and hereafter. In Islam, as in other authentic religions, that permanent state of happiness is attained by gaining not the freedom of the passionate self to receive whatever it desires, but freedom from desire and from the passionate self.17.To attain permanent happiness, we must therefore remember who we in truth are, where we came from, why we are here, and where we are g oing. We must detach ourselves from fleeting pleasures and joys and seek permanent joy by attaching ourselves to the spiritual world, which is our original home and the only state of affairs where we shall attain permanent happiness.We must die before we die die to the world here and now in order to gain eternal triumph in the life of the spirit and the intellect understood in its traditional sense. We must experience the happiness that issues from faith (ma?n), which provides for us security (ama?n) from all that would uncase us of happiness.18Through faith, correct actions, prayer, and realized knowledge, we must break all the walls of ego, we must do so through compassion, charity, and through karam, which are bound to love and separate of selfishness and self-centeredness that are impediments of the attainment of happiness.Bibliography 1 Nasr, S. (2014).HAPPINESS AND THE skill OF HAPPINESS AN ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE.Journal of Law and Religion, 29(01), pp.76-91. 2 (Alfarabi, Th e Attainment of Happiness 75) 3 There is a partial translation of this work by Claude Field, The Alchemy of Happiness of al-Ghazzali (Chicago Kazi Publications, 2007).The critical edition of this text is edited by H?usayn Khad?w? kibosh (Tehran Shirkat-I Saha?m-yi Kita?bha?-yi Jb, 1354 SH). There is also a later edition of this text edited by Manu?chihr Da?nishpazhu?h (Tehran Ahl-i Qalam, 1381 SH).4 Altiner, s. (2015). Happiness. Theology and Religious Studies.5 Ibn Altiner, s. (2015).6 Ibn Altiner, s. (2015).7 Lino, C. (2018). Positive psychological science Theory in a Nutshell. online Positivepsychologyprogram.com. Available at https//positivepsychologyprogram.com/positive-psychology-theory/ Accessed 11 May 2018.8 Riaz, D. (2018). online Szic.pk. Available at https//www.szic.pk/journal/dec2015/4.pdf Accessed 11 May 2018.9 See Gul B?a?ba? Sa?d? ?,? Farhang-i isti?la?ha? ?t-i irfan-yi Ibn Arab (Tehran Intisha?ra?t-i Shaf,? 1383 SH), 35610 Q. 2201.11 Al-Suhrawardy, Allama Sir Abdull ah al-Mamun, comp., The Sayings of Muhammad (New York Citadel Press, 1990), 63.12 Muhammad ibn ?Abd Alla?h Khatb? al-Tabr?z? ?,? Mishka?t al-Masa?bh,? trans. James Robson (1970 repr., Lahore Sh.Muhammad Ashraf, 1981), 299313 Nasr, S. (2014).HAPPINESS AND THE ATTAINMENT OF HAPPINESS AN ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE. Journal of Law and Religion, 29(01), pp.76-9114 Ibn Arab, The Tarjuma?n al-ashwa?q, trans. Reynold A. Nicholson (London Theosophical, 1978), 19, 67.15 ibid 8018 The House of Yoga. (2018).THE RELIGION OF LOVE BY IBN ARABI. online Available at https//www.thehouseofyoga.com/magazine/religion-love-ibn-arabi Accessed 11 May 2018.44 Arthur J. Arberry, Avicenna His Life and Times, in G. M. Wickens, ed., Avicenna Scientist Philosopher (London Luzac, 1952), 28 See also S. H. Nasr, An Introduction to Islamic Cosmological Doctrines (Albany State University of New York Press, 1993), 25960.

Just-in- Time in Kalamazoo Essay

A firm specializing in motor homes located in Kalamazoo, Michigan. Discusses changes in inventory and other make up since the recent expansion of its marketplace from the local Midwest to a national one. The companies also have to deal with another major problem because it only manufactures a few of it components while the others atomic number 18 purchased form outside vendors. In an attempt to reduce component part expenses, the president of the company considers implementing the Just-in-time administration in his firm. The just in time is a system developed by Toyota designed to control quality develop supplier and distributors relationship and minimize inventory.1.What is the total annual cost of maintaining the components inventory low the present system? Under the present system the total cost to maintain the component per year is $1,292824.00 2.What would be the total annual cost of maintaining the components chthonian the JIT system (Assuming no guard stocks)? The annua l cost of maintaining the components under the JIT system would be 3. Should Ballenger take into account any other cost or benefits from JIT system?if so what are they?With the JIT system Ballenger would be less concern about maintaining a large inventory and they would less likely to experience shrinkage. The just-in-time system go forth also ensure that parts are available to manufacture products and will better serve customers more effectively and efficiently. 4. If the JIT system is adopted are in that location safety sticks of any item that should be maintained? If so which ones and how much If JIT system is adopted DVD players should be placed under capacity safety because they seem to be quite expensive. 5.If JIT system is adopted, what changes if any should occur in the relationships between Ballengers firm and his suppliers of components? Discuss They would need to be more bustling keen and condition in terms of delivery therefore the firm and the supplier would have t o maintain good communication skills to avoid any defects.6. sham that Ballenger has switched to the JIT system and that he receives a surprise phone call from a competitor who is going out of business. The competitor wants to sell Ballenger 7,000 dome lights of the type listed in Exhibit 2-A. Should Ballenger buy them? If so, at what price? I dont think that Ballenger should purchase these lights because according to the JIT system one of its aim is to instill discipline and this therefore will ruin such vision not only that but Ballenger would also have to consider storage for these light bulbs. 7. Carrying cost are 20 percent. Is there a level of carrying cost at which both Ballengers present system and a JIT system have similar cost what is that? There wont be a level when the two systems have the same cost but if so it would be at a extremely high rate possible exceeding 100 percent.

The Beloved Country

Cry, The Beloved Country, a novel by South African Alan Paton, is the story of a fathers search for his son, an experience which opened his mind to the prejudice and poverty prevalent in his country. As the story opens, Reverend Stephen Kumalo, is summoned to go to Johannesburg to help Kumalos sister who was genuinely ill. He goes to help his sister and also to sense of smell for a long-lost son, Absalom, who has gone to the city and never came back.When Kumalo arrives at Johannesburg, he discovers that his sister has become a sporting lady and that his brother, John, has become a politician. He visits his brother for help in locating his son and from him Kumalo learns that his son worked at the Doornfontein Textiles Company with Johns own son years before. From the factory, Kumalo is forwarded to a couple of addresses until he eventually finds his son in prison. Absalom killed a unclouded man, Arthur Jarvis, who was also a proponent and activist for racial equality.Furthermore, he also meets a girl which Absalom got pregnant and would have married before he was sent to prison. Kumalo talks to his son and finds a lawyer for him. The second part of the novel shifts to the bandstand of James Jarvis, the father of the murdered Arthur. The police inform him of his sons death and he flies from Ndotsheni to the city to attend his sons funeral. There he learns the activities of his son and sets out to celebrate his cause. He also meets Kumalo whom he has to comfort and forgive.Absalom is found guilty of the murder and sentenced to death. Before Kumalo returns home to Ndotsheni, he marries his son to the pregnant girl and brings her and his nephew with Gertrude to the village. Back in Ndotsheni, he and Jarvis comes together to plan a way to help the village which at the time has been experiencing drought. The novel ends with Kumalo going up on a deal on the evening of his sons execution. As the dawn breaks, he contemplates on his life, the blessings he has recei ved, and of South Africa and its social problems.How the novel relates to culture and values The novel takes a look at how elements in society, whether they are events or changing attitudes, affect the culture and values of a country. Cry, The Beloved Country explores how the social situations mingled with the black and white races promote a culture of apartheid in South Africa, threaten the loss of the long-held values of the primals, and cause other social illnesses that plague the country even in contemporary times.Paton uses the story of Reverend Kumalo to define the larger problems discussed in the novel. The most obvious of these is how the divisions among the peoples of South Africa have been causing a series of problems that threaten to revoke the entire country. The more affluent and privileged whites are claiming the lands which the black natives have long revered and cultivated. As a result, more blacks are leaving the countryside for the cities where they cogitate t hey could find more meaningful and better-paying jobs as workers in industries.This results to a breakdown of the tribal system and the loss of previously strong-held beliefs and traditions. When these natives arrive in the city, they find that the situation is worse in that the urban areas themselves plague the black population with poverty and injustices. In retaliation, they commit violent crimes against the more privileged white people. The fear among whites against native crime and the hate of the blacks against white injustice fuels a cycle of violence and further chaos for the whole South African country.Yet, instead of being a pessimistic look at the situation, the novel would like to promote the values of kindness and cooperation among races to create change and a better future for the country. The friendship which evolves between Kumalo and the white Jarvis contains the authors sentiments of everyone coming together instead of fighting each other to solve the basic problem s of both the countryside and the urban areas. Paton promotes the values of family and piety as means by which the lost values could be reclaimed. Reference Paton, Alan. Cry, The Beloved Country.

Men are from Mars and Women are from Venus Essay

According to John grizzly, custody and wo hands drop offly differ in their style of communication which corroborates the illusion that they are from different planets. However, their communications style differs and they represent and be trained to become accustomed to these communication perspectives to live and work together in harmony. Wo manpower are to a greater extent emotional than men and hence men used to mock the girls irrelevance talks. Actually women are termed as a weaker sex as they always want men to heed to their feelings more peculiarly about relationships, other personal problems and about family matters.In such matters, women expect that men impart respect their feelings by ext terminusing emotional support and understanding. Relationships end in catastrophic disaster when each other does not understand each feelings and emotions. When the relationship ends in serious disaster, the women mystify to understand that man is completely assorted from everythin g and she has not accustomed to and tried to adapt to the differences in her relationship. conference amid men and women are so diverse that it takes many years for a complete understanding in a relationship.Even insignifi mucklet resemblance in communication style that binds a couple together while one tries to atomic number 26 out the larger differences. In ordinary life, it is an established fact that men wants to be respected and women wish to know whether they are being truly love by men. A successful couple is one who is able to achieve this and in such cases no doubt, good communication will be the end result. Thus, John Grays assertion that men and women are from different planets in terms of communications is really a convincing one. Thus, communication between men and women are pursued through two languages.The male language is used as a general warning that he is in a cave or on his path to the cave. Gray here uses cave to describe the ways and means men use to iron ou t their differences or to deal with an issue. When men face some problem, they wish to be alone or in his cave in complete solitude. Gray, 1993, p. 22. However, the reaction of a women will be completely different if they face with issues and when communicating with their spouse. As per Gray, women employ metaphors, superlative and poetic licenses to express their feelings.Moreover, there are chances that men may be amiss this poetic licenses expressed by women. Gray. 1993, p. 17. It is the exact scenario where men and women ignore to appreciate the exact significances of the each other expressions and due to this, Gray has introduced Venusians / Martian dictionary in his book. This dictionary could be much help to iron out these misunderstandings in associations and relationships. According to Gray, men and women communicate in different languages and hold opposing views. legion(predicate) common people are of the view that Grays metaphor is having more relevance and match their v ery own experiences on the subject. According to Gray, women have to gain experience of men before fostering a successful companionship. Gray, 1993. p. 21. Likewise, when men are disturbed or strained, they automatically keep silent and fall out to their cave to sort the things out. Gray, 1993, p. 21. Women at this juncture understood that his spouse wants to be alone to sort out things by him egotism without her interruption.Further, Gray is of the view that there is a need for men to know that women like to share and communicate things through in a more non-solution and in a complex way. Gray, 1993, p. 35. There is a complete need on the part of men to aware that women also long that their feelings and emotions are to be honored when they are upset, depressed and troubled and it is responsibility of the men to make her more comfort and to assuage her feelings in such scenarios. Gray, 1993, p. 35. As Gray details it, his book is for the people who wish to have an grateful featu re of sexual practice associated with their counseling.Grays objective is to assist women to appreciate men and to take the ignominy out by counseling and by assisting men to have a more constructive approach to therapy as even healthy relationships need a counselor. Gray longs to be a creationwide transcriber between Venusians and Martians. He has not indulged in the argument that one is superior to the other but stresses that they are dissimilar. Thus, Gray summarizes his views It is time to appreciate and authenticate gender variances. Do not try to change the attitude of ones partner.Men have to seize the situation and understand and women should acknowledge and appreciate the things which men does and if he feel appreciated, he will no doubt listen. Gray is of the view that even though the customary function of contributor and nurturer may be often changing, women and men still have fundamental hormonal variances. However, due to rapid transformation, women have crossed over in the mans world and hence the two worlds have come together now. If one has great appreciation of how these people in different world imagine and act, one will have a real harmony but not a friction.According to Gray, men and women have varied and complimentary emotional requirements. One can define a mans sense of self through his capability to get results while a females sense of self is explained through her feelings and eminence of her relationships. Hence, women expect that her feeling shall have to be respected and honored while men demand that his feelings have to be appreciated and respected. Gray is of the opinion that rubber band theory well explains the metaphor of male intimacy cycle.As men experience the need for autonomy or independence, they leave away as rubber bond do when it is stretched to the limit. Men will pull back with power and spirit as rubber band do if they are given opportunity to move back to their positions or caves. If women demand that men should be intimate and close all of the time, they will become mild and limp, by losing their power and strength. Gray, 1993, p. 35. Gray book emphasizes diverse of theory. Gray could not able to offer no more plausible explanation other than his planet metaphor on men and women relationships.Gray tries to illustrate the basic differences that exist in men and women characteristics. Gray has cited examples like men disgust to demand for directions as it would put them down while women not at all prefer it. Men longs to talk in public as an exposure of their sound knowledge remains mum at home whereas women tries to express their feelings in home rather than in public places as their main objective of their intimacy. CONCLUSION The endorser of the book will understand that men and women communicate in different languages and hold opposing views.Readers will appreciate that Grays metaphor is having more relevance and match their very own experiences on the subject. No doubt, communication plays very significant role in men and women relationship. If one tries to honor and respect the feelings of spouse, there will not any marital issues at all. I would recommend that all who in the phase of establishing relationship and those are already even their marital knots should read the book to lead a pleasant, happy married life. The readers of the book will understand that It is time to appreciate and authenticate gender variances.Do not try to change the attitude of ones partner. Men have to seize the situation and understand and women should acknowledge and appreciate the things which men does and if he feel appreciated, he will no doubt listen. Gray is of the view that difference between men and women are consistent and are of more biologic and natural. Thus, Gray book seems to emphasize and respect the male and female differences.REFERENCESGray, John. 1993. Men Are From Mars, Women Are From Venus A Practical Guide For Improving Communication and Getting What You Want in Relationships. HarperCollins

Atlantic Computers Case Analysis Essay

1. Stick with company tradition by charging only for hardwargon and give the PESA software jibe away for free. As can be seen in Exhibit 2, there is a nonice qualified difference between grassroots emcees running with and without the PESA software. This difference would cater directly to those customers in the file-sharing application and web-server segments of the market. Currently, as the Tronn would be competing directly with the rival companys Zink server, which is hurtd at $1,700 as opposed to the Tronns $2,000, customers would assume that the Zink is better value as it toll less, despite the fact that the monetary value shows a 40% mark-up over Tronns 30% mark-up. By offering the PESA software tool as power of the overall package, Tronn could add a value advantage over Zink, as they do non offer a software tool which enhances the performance of the server.However, as aforementioned, the customers using the basic servers would benefit most from the PESA software, rather than the high-performance servers. According to Exhibit 1, the majority of units sold are those of the high-performance servers. 2. Charge a bell equal to what the customer would pay for four Ontario Zink servers. The case states that Ontarios Zink servers dominate the basic server segment, and accordingly the introduction of the Tronn server would mean that the two companies would be competing directly against one another. Further, Ontario holds a supply- kitchen stove advantage over Atlantic, in that they ensure that their products are widely available to all consumers, e.g. the majority of their sales are generated online.However, when steady with the PESA software, Tronns servers run at an efficiency of 4 measure faster than their standard speed. The option suggests that the Tronn, when sloshed with the PESA software, should be valued at four times as much as the Zink server, as it would be performing at the same standard. This would outlay the Tronn at $6,800. While a pri ce this high would thusly generate revenue, it must be considered that the Tronn is a new product entering the market. Without appropriate marketing, the consumer would be unaware of the benefits of using the Tronn and thus would opt for the much cheaper option, Zink. This dodging is called skimming. In order to be successful, Atlantic would affirm to ensure that consumers are aware of the significant product differentiation between the Tronn and the Zink servers (i.e. The PESA software).3. Charge a price based on a cost-plus admittance to pricing PESA (based on software tools information costs). As stated above, the cost-plus approach is Atlantics standard pricing strategy. In the case, Atlantic is express to have production restraints and therefore go away only be able to progress to a certain number of Tronn servers in the near term. For example, if Atlantic can sell all of its projected units in the first three years, they are looking at at selling 212,000 units in mea t. In the first year, the percentage of market share rises by 4%, meaning that the total number of Tronn servers sold was 2,000.In the second year, the percentage rises by 9%, giving a total of 6,300 servers sold. In the third year, this raises to 14% and 12,880 servers sold. Of these 21,180 servers, assume that only half are monied with PESA software, giving us 10,590 servers with the software in total over the three years.The development costs of the PESA software totalled $2,000,000,000. In order to cover the development costs of the software in the first three years, Atlantic would have to price the software at $189. If we assume the Tronn server without the software costs $1,538 to produce, and the PESA is to be include in the sales price, we are looking at a $1,727 production cost. Adding a mark-up of 30%, the sales price of the Tronn and PESA (Atlantic bundle) would be $2,245.10. 4. Charge a price based on value-in-pricing.In order to calculate a total savings price, it is n ecessary to determine the calculations of a few other items. Also, in these calculations, we will assume that the Tronn server is valued at $2,000. Firstly, considering that one Tronn server loaded with the PESA software is performs to the same standard as four Zink servers, it can be said that a saving of $1,600 per annum can be had by purchasing just one Tronn as opposed to 4 Zink servers. Secondly, annual electricity savings are equal to $250. Third, the cost of application software licenses is equal to $750 per year. Finally, if a server administrator earns $80,000 per year and the number of servers one can manage is 40, labour cost savings are $2,000 per year. The total savings can be added to achieve $4,600 per year.In a quick summary of the above, the following can be renowned * In Option 1, the price of the Tronn and PESA software tool would be $2,000. * In Option 2, the price of the Tronn and PESA software tool would be $6,800. * In Option 3, the price of the Tronn and PES A software tool would be $2,245.10. * In Option 4, the savings of purchasing the Tronn and PESA software tool would be $4,600. I believe that Option 1 would not be an intelligent strategy for Jowers to use. Without charging for the PESA software, the company will find themselves struggling to pay off the costs of developing the tool in the first place.This promoter they would have to sell more units in the first three years than what they originally projected, giving the company unrealistic sales assumptions and in my opinion, they would ultimately get profit losses. I also consider Option 2 to be a bad choice of strategy. While one Tronn server, in conjunction with the PESA tool can indeed perform to the power of four Zink servers, it would be foolish to price the Tronn at the equivalent of this. A price of $6,800 for just one server is too much for a consumer to consider paying, especially for a product that is new into an already established market. Serious marketing and clear differentiation would be required to ensure the success of this strategy, both of which can be very time-consuming and costly.While Option 4 shows a significant number in savings, I would recommend that Option 3, the cost-plus pricing strategy be used in launching the Atlantic Bundle into the basic-server consumer market. As stated in the case, Atlantic Computers is already a strong player in the high performance servers segment, but due to the consistent growth of the internet, the new market of basic servers is emerging. Jowers discovered that one of the main reasons that Atlantic succeeded in the high performance severs market was by product differentiation.This is a large factor in the Tronns appeal to the basic server segment, as it also comes with the PESA software tool, something that Zink computers does not have. However, Ontario Computers competes mainly on price, due to the fact that they are able to sell their products online and therefore cut costs in other areas. Despi te this, I believe that with Atlantic emerging into the market with a superior product, they will be able to compete successfully. According to Atlantic Computers general consensus, they do not usually charge extra for software tools. However, the importance of the PESA tool must be do known to the sales force.Firstly, without charging extra for the tool, the company will struggle to generate enough revenue in the first three years to pay of the development costs of the product. Furthermore, Jowers followed the status quo and used cost-plus pricing to determine the value of the software, and after adding that cost onto the production costs of the Tronn itself and also adding a 30% mark-up, the total bundle only cost $245.10 more than the Tronn would cost on its own.Emphasis should also be put on the fact that one Tronn server loaded with the PESA software tool, which was valued at $2,245.10, performed to the equivalency of four basic Zink servers, which in total would be valued at $6,800. This shows a $4554.90 saving for customers who choose to purchase the Atlantic Bundle over the required four Zink servers for the same performance. With Jowers given the opportunity to talk with prospective buyers at the trade show, he will also have the chance to explain the features and benefits of purchasing the Atlantic Bundle himself as well as obtaining firsthand consumer feedback on the products.According to the case, the CEO of Ontario Computers states, Our business model is not to be the leading innovator on product technology. Rather, our business model is to provide leading technology to customers via the most flexible and innovative supply chain strategy possible. The company achieved this by managing to cut their costs through distributing their products online and thus were able to offer their product for a much cheaper price than Atlantic Computers.In retaliation to the introduction of the Tronn in the market, Ontario Computer will most likely continue to base their business model on operational rightness and continue to search for ways to compete on price. Another consequence could be the company developing a software tool of their own to compete directly with the PESA tool. If this was to happen, it could pose a threat to Atlantic Computers in that Ontario would still most likely be capable of competing on price, giving them the competitive advantage. However, if Atlantic manages to establish their brand before their competition gets a chance to retaliate, they should have no problem holding onto their market share and consumer segment.

Kevin Stevenson retires as AASB Chair Essay

This article is precautioned with the accomplishments and achievements of Kevin Stevenson upon his retirement as the Chairman of the Australian invoice exemplifications Board on 30th June 2014. During his tenure, Kevin Stevenson ensured that the long traditions of fiscal reportage were upheld both internationally and domestically and also provided counsel on military issues concerning the FRC. Mr. Stevenson was an example of pioneer standard setters for generations down the withdraw as he was among the founding members of the Accounting Standards Advisory Forum of the International Accounting Standards Board. Through his leadership, the AASBs Research Centre was established as Stevenson served the Asian-Oceanian Standard Setters Groups chair. His main focus was to work in the interest of the public, as stated by Lynn Wood, the FRCs chair and trustee of the IFRS Foundation. In unanimity is Ian Mackintosh, the former Chair of the PSASB of Australia and Deputy Chair of IASB. Accor ding to Mackintosh, Stevenson largely contributed in the moves by Asia countries like Nepal and Korea to the IFRS. From the onset of the 1970s, Mr. Stevenson attention was driven towards setting principal found standards and developing a Conceptual Framework to be used in financial reporting. He advocated for story regulations as evidenced by his association with the Accounting Research Foundation and later on watched over the growth of the AARF upon being appointed its Director. He was at the forefront of setting the international pace in the development of common story standards for both the public and the private sectors. Stevenson largely contributed to the formation of the Public Sector Accounting and also played a noteworthy role in the establishment of the stable platform of International Financial reportage Standards in 2005 for adoption in Australia and the entire Europe.Concepts, ideas and facts Teamwork and leadership atomic number 18 both important component s that must be in alignment so as to provide effective high quality and efficient business relationship services. A strategical human resource management model provides guidance to accounting teams and leaders to deliver high-quality services in a by the way manner. Accounting operates within a performance measurement that tolerates no errors. Therefore, a state-of-the-art investigation requires scientific leadership working with major stakeholders as a team to provide the trounce accounting services to a fraud investigation. The new techniques of accounting be significant steps in the overcompensate direction and they require leaders with skills and origin tools to apply concepts such as efficiency, cost benefit analysis, economies of scale and cost-effectiveness analysis that will measure continuous improvement on a regular basis. good leadership is needed to develop, design and implement a solution that would resolve the core competency of an organization. Strategic leade rship in accounting provides quality and timely accounting services to a company. Such leadership like that o Stevenson brings together a come apart system consisting of thousands of accountants working within a fragmented system of organizations. Effective teamwork and leadership in accounting shows the way through the development of new innovative fraud investigations for the future. Leaders in positions like that of Stevenson are encouraged to consider both the social and moral implications of their decisions with regard to how their decisions will affect the clients and shareholders of the company. It is the ethical responsibility of every employee to ensure their company does not illegally evade income taxes or allow questionable deductions. They should ensure that the company finds are allocated to the appropriate activities based on their importance and determine the important elements of the business.The accounting issue One major way of improving the confidence in f inancial reporting and accounting is to ensure that there is improvement in ethical standards, reporting mechanisms, strengthening of governance and adequacy of financial management. It is ethical to maintain the right to the truth while practicing accounting and financial reporting. Those who use financial statements charter the right to accurate and truthful information when engaging in investment strategies. Clients have a legal right to receive competent and professional services from accountants who have a legal obligation to perform their responsibilities within the constraints of their skills. It is often argued that about accountants lack ethical ability to recognize and solve ethical dilemmas. This has necessitated the need to accommodate ethics education as a major component of the accounting profession. The development of professional ethics and values should be initiated early in the accounting profession and be emphasized throughout the career.Major issue of the arti cle Stevenson clearly shows that it is the responsibility of management to serve the best interests of the company that they are providing auditing and accounting services for, investors and society as a whole. This can be done by providing truthful and accurate financial records. Ethical guidelines require that management should be honest, concise, accurate and complete while recording financial data to ensure ethics are held to the highest degree. It is also the duty of every employee to make wise, informed decisions slightly the future of a company. These accounting standards are useful in financial reporting and accounting as they are operatees that are currently under a great deal of scrutiny. The two are important functions that organizations should take care of and ensure that they exhibit a high code of ethics. This is because clients and shareholders use accounting and financial reports in their decision making process. Legal and ethical issues are important element s of financial reporting and accounting as has been demonstrated by the positions assumed by Mr. Stevenson. These issues prompted Stevenson to establish financial reporting and accounting departments to set up specific sets of rules that govern the functioning of any organization.Relevant topics and theories The long traditions of financial reporting utilize Positive Accounting theory by focusing on various aspects that are of major interest to accounting techniques and the issues that provided an informative background and the gives in discernment details of the functionality of accounting in financial reporting. Positive Accounting gives a holistic description of what is currently unknown and proposes future considerations. Financial reporting and accounting apply to any economic entity relating to the companys future business. The major ethical elements involved are objectivity, competence, independence and integrity. These ethical elements require that accountants and fi nancial reporters are independent of the clients to whom they provide financial and accounting services. Ethical obligations help to determine the effectiveness of accounting and financial report and redress any imbalance that may alter information symmetry. The move by Nepal and Korea followed the ethical guidelines of financial reporting and never let the desire for a better living and acquiring more(prenominal) possession get in the way of their financial obligations. It is ethical for any employee of the accounting or financial department working in the public or private sector to remain loyal and impartial to ethical obligations when reviewing both individual and financial reports. It is usual for one to encounter various ethical issues and it is consequently important for one to remain vigilant to resist temptations to control financial records that could violate ethical guidelines. Transparency and integrity are important ethical elements of prescriptive accounting theory . Some companies may receive pressure from management to maintain a certain public image. This is because some public companies have the burden of succeed at high levels and it becomes an ethical issue for them to maintain true reports of the company assets, profits and liabilities without succumbing to the pressure from management. It is unethical for management to alter the financial records of its company and manipulate the numbers to create a false image of the success of the company. This only leads to prosperity in the short term since such fraud cases are ascertained by the Securities and Ex commute Commission ultimately spelling the downfall of the company. For these reasons, accounting theories assert that companies must remain ethically vigilant to avoid breaching the code of conduct. tall standards of ethical behavior are expected for those people engaging in accounting and financial reporting. These standards provide rules and guidance to employees in the performance of their professional obligations. forgetful decision making by management based on faulty or manipulated financial records aimed at deceiving the public about a companys financial health has negative consequences on the business. It is therefore unethical for management to overlook such behavior. Given how tempting it is for companies to manipulate their financial records in order of battle to portray an image of economic health, management should provide the last defense possible to prevent accounting fraud.In comment letter 1, the Financial Reporting Committee of the IMA wrote to express its views on financial accounting standards on reduction of the income statement presentation through the elimination of the concept of extraordinary items. The FRC is in name of several accounting books of different companies this in essence means that they are charged with the responsibility of making timely responses to statements, pronouncements, research legislations, proposals and pending legislations. Their main concern in this letter is the complex nature of financial statements in FASB comment letters. They support the simplication possible action adopted by the board as regards to making the financial statements easier to understand by the common folk CITATION Sch l 1033 (Schroder, 2014). Their support is on the elimination of elimination of extra ordinary items as in most times this criterion is not always met.Their proposal thus rids of the tedious work in the preparation of financial documents and whether this requirement is met by auditors in the process of doing their work. Their support is based on the fact that it reduces to a great extending the complex nature of the time for the allocation of the provision of income tax by reducing the situation of other income items occurring. They thus advocate for a thorough examination of the details of this suggested proposal CITATION Sch l 1033 (Schroder, 2014).In comment letter number 2, Marcum Accountants and Advisors frame to the FASB regarding the proposed accounting standards through the simplification of the income statement by elimination of the concept of extraordinary items. Their letter is generally a response to several questions regarding the process of simplification of the income statement. They support the concept of elimination of extra ordinary items from the General Accounting principles. Their contention is based on the difficulty of application the extra ordinary items in accounting practice CITATION Giu14 l 1033 (Giugliano, 2014). They thus support the application for extra ordinary items in previous accounting periods. A sudden change of the rules would otherwise lead to confusion in the accounting practice. The ease of application of the proposed update makes it easy to make these recommended changes quite easy to adopt. They thus suggest the quick adoption of the proposed update.They are in agreement with the decision by the board to stick to the principle of sepa rate disclosure of infrequent transactions. Items must thus butt against the definition of occurring infrequently in recurrent expenditure. They list the following examples as those that should not be classified as unusual or infrequently occurring line of work related expense, routine tax audit returns and losses and gains from reimbursements from insurance CITATION Giu14 l 1033 (Giugliano, 2014). They thus suggest the importance of offering guidance on the design of unusual items. Proper definitions should thus be provided of the unusually occurring items.In comment letter 3, Ford Motor Company also writes in support of the simplication initiative by FASB. Their agreement is based on the objective of evaluation, identification and improvement of the generally accepted accounting principles CITATION Cal14 l 1033 (Callahan, 2014). This thus means that the reduction of the cost of complexity is possible with the simplification of the income statement. They are also in agreement wi th the board that such an update would not lead to data loss. The overall benefit would be to the end users of such financial statements.ReferencesCallahan, S. (2014). Ford Company.Giugliano, G. (2014). Marcum Accountants.Schroder, N. (2014). Institute of Management Accounting.Source document

Freedom in a Montessori Environment

Explain in your own words the following A. FREEDOM IN A PREPARED ENVIRONMENT B. THE peeled PERIODS C. NORMALISATION D. ABSORBENT MIND A) FREEDOM IN A PREPARED ENVIRONMENT All over the world in constitutions of countries exemption is enshrined. This freedom applies not only to the full-grown but overly to the child. For it is in freedom that a child reveals himself. Therefore a directress in a prepargond environment mustinessiness put up the opportunity to observe the child in a free and open environment. Also the childs inner guide must be allowed to direct the childs growth.Thus a child will be aided to grow by independence and must be allowed growth through his inn guide. This is because a child uses his environment to grow. A child must therefore be aided in his development through activities that will push independence such as self- dish up skills like wearing shoes buttoning sweeping and other activities that will make him in certified. All materials should be given the correct sizes materials should be kept modulately furniture should be child sized. The child must be aided in developing his will by by ensuring coordination and ensuring activities are towards a given end.The child must be given constructive influence. Maria Montessori has described a classroom as a room in which all children move about intelligently voluntarily and without being unruly or loud. It is important to note that in allowing freedom, any destructive acts of the child must be limited. All other good and useful manifestations must be observed by the directress. There are however limits to freedom within the disposed(p) environment they are notice for the environment The child has freedom but must dole out the environment with care and respect.He must be courteous and treat all with respect and care. Respect for Himself It is not enough to treat other with courtesy he must besides respect himself and use the materials respectfully without destroying. Respect for Others The child is free to carry out activities as long as he is not interfering on the rights of other children in the classroom. Progress at his own rate and development Each child is allowed to develop at his own rate and pace. No competitions are allowed in the environment. The Montessori environment also allows freedom in many aspects. liberty of movement as they are allowed to move around the classroom as well as outside the classroom. Thus a Montessori classroom is not divided within work peaks. A child is also allowed freedom of choice to choose their own activities in the classroom as this enables dousing and helps develop good working habits. Freedom of speech is also allowed as children speak to each other and initiate activities as a team or individually. Because they are not forced they naturally develop the tendency to help thy neighbour.Children are expected to observe the rules of basic courtesy which involves not interrupting other people. Freedom to grow and to const ruct his own mental capabilities. All materials are with a focus to helping the child build his inner self. Freedom to write out and be loved is important as a child must be loved exceptionally and respected for just being himself. An use of Deji a troika and a half year old who accidentally defecates on his eubstance. Immediately other children start complaining about the smell and proceed to laugh at the child. The teacher who was also horrified was disgusted and showed this to Deji.The child sat still ashamed of himself. A well trained directress should correct Deji and clean him up and also discourage other children from making fun of him. It is important that love is shown in such circumstances while correcting the boy lovingly. Thus if such an occurrence occurs in future other children will learn to assist and show loving support. Freedom from danger is also important as a child has a right to be protected away from danger. Freedom from competition and pressure is discoura ged as a child is free from artificially induced competition reward and punishments.The inner motivation of the child stimulates him to work to the best of his ability and the satisfaction is the reward. He is thus allowed to grow at his own rate and development. In conclusion freedom allow a child grow by removing obstacles which can impede his normal development. The freeing of a child consists in removing as far as possible these obstacles that will deter true development in a child. Thus to objectively achieve these demands objectively a keep out attention must be on the part of the adult. (B) THE SENSTITIVE PERIODThe sensitive period is a delicate and transitory period helping the child with the purpose of formation. This contract helps him to focus his attention on certain aspects of his environment with such congruency that he excludes other things. As a result of the meeting of minds between this inner dispose and this activities the child completes it and feels excited a nd stronger. This inner urge can be likened to an intrinsic weaving of the thread of life. The importance of the sensitive period abound as they help in later eld to assist in the development of concentration and intellectual powers.Sensitive periods in language have been identified a child who without anterior formal lessons, without conscious effort learns to pronounce the language he hears perfectly. It has been identified that the sensitive period for language has already begun in the child before he can walk and talk. By four months through the watchful eyes of a child he starts making vague sounds. As he progresses the cross will begin got make real sounds. This mysterious urge starts in the soul its intensity lights up a flame and is turned outward as a light.Under this influence the sounds separate though the child cannot understand the language. As the child interacts more with the environment he listens voluntarily to the spoken language. It had been defined as divine c ommand which the child imitates and does not know why. A child who is starved of been exposed to the sensitivity of language can lead to having a uncorrectable time encyclopaedism the structure of his language. An example in Nigeria is where parents refuse their children to learn the local language and speak only english to the child.As the child grows older learning to communicate in their mother tongue becomes a challenge as the child cannot relate to others in his immediate environment. Amazing is also the sensitivity to sanctify as it reveals itself in the second year of life. The child at this comprise displays a possesive passion in the order of things. For example Deji a 3 years old has a pack of balls bought for him in a basket by his mum. Family friends come to the house and one of the younger children removes the pack of balls from the basket. Deji starts screaming as he trys to put all balls back in the basket.He quietened down after he put back all the balls without any interfeence from the guest. It is very necessary for the child to have order in his environment as he is constructing himself from the elements of the environment. A baby can be helped by an adult through following a widely distributed rhythm. Dont forget to add advantages some other sensitivity which occurs in the second year is the senstivity to small objects. Children are drawn to small objects alas miniature scientists. However the adult must be patient,observant and not shout when a child pick up objects.Freedom is also critical to enable a child explore their environment. The unfortunate effects of sensitivity to small objects will be lack of observational skills passiveness and lack of comparative judgement. Sensitivity to cordination of movement occurs from 21/2 years. This is the period A Child loves to explore the environment by jumping and running. They engage in activity that will cordinate their movement. Constuctive work that will promote good cordination of bod y movement eg pouring from one jug to another is important. The adverse effect will be lack of good cordination.Children between two to five love to play with their mates. They also want to do things adults and develop social skills. At this time they pick up manners and behaviours from adults. The advers effects are that children remain dependent passice and lonely. Sensitivity through learning through the five senses. Children take interest in sound shape texture. At this time the children are given activities which involve and stimulate the senses refinimg their functions. This period is important especially in adult life especially in some vocations C) NORMALISATION Normalisation has been described as the wholeness most important result of a teachers work. This is when the teacher has helped the child to attain a normal developmental stage where they focus for long periods of time. At this stage they are satisfied and proud of their work. Normalization occurs during the first phase of development at ages 0-6 years. Peter is a three year old pupil and a overbold student at ABC School. Peter is unable to concentrate on a particular task and lacks interest in activities.After careful supervise and patience by an adult in a ready environment Peter transforms and shows keen interest in activities. Children who are young or new to the prepared environment are said to be in the first stage of development. These children are not ready for the freedom and like peter in the example above are invited to work with a teacher keeping an eye on the child. These children increase their level of concentration and take pride in their accomplishment As the child progresses the child experiences freedom and now have the confidence to move and complete activities.Children at this stage benefit from frequent and distinguishable presentations. The role of the teacher s to observe the child keenly to ensure they are receiving the assistance needed for the transformation. By the time Peter in our example above is five or six years, the child is able to focus on one activity work in teams teach younger children and work independently without disturbing the work of others. This journey has taken years for the child to become normalized and as such the teacher must patiently and without giving up enjoy the journey towards independence and normalization.In a growing child there is physical energy especially the muscular energy of intelligence and will and also the mental energy of intelligence and will. These two streams work in unison to make a child complete. A normalized chid develops the following characteristics a love for order in which a child expresses a love for the environment and a desire to preserve the environment. Also the love of work which in a prepared environment means any activity which the child becomes engrossed in and consumes his personality.A child grows to like work naturally and finds joy in completing his work. Another characteri stic is profound spontaneous concentration which has been called attention to life or a wonder of growth. It is the Childs intelligence that is concentrating here and constructing itself through an exchange with its immediate environment. spare-time activity closely is an attachment to reality as a normalized Childs mind constructs itself through contact with the environment which is the foundation of the world as taken in by a child through the five senses and later is built on by reason and imagination.When a child works on this intelligence is thereafter raised to the order of intelligence. Obedience A normalized child is obedient as the child grows through various works undergone and undergoes the development of will. Independence and initiative is what happens to a normalized child. Spontaneous self-discipline is also a feature of Montessori school children. This discipline enables the children to work for long periods in the absence of the directress. Joy also radiates on the childrens faces because they are deeply satisfied.

Enrique Camarena Essay

Enrique Salazar Camarena, also known as Kiki, was born on July 26, 1947 in Mexicali, Mexico. At the age of nine Camarena moved to the U.S. and settled in Calexico, California. He worked in the fields with his family picking plums and peaches. Camarena yearned to take out a proper education and soon it came. He took advantage of this opportunity and became an ethical student. He play football, basketball and helped publish the yearbook. Camarena was voted Best all Around Senior.He decided to attend college and enter the right enforcement field. Camarena served in the U.S. Marines, and became a Legal Clerk and a Court Recorder. In 1970, Camarena departed from the Marines and worked with the Calexico Fire Department. Camarena became a part of the Calexico Police Department as a Criminal Investigator in 1970, while he attended Imperial Valley College. There he got an AA degree and criminal justice degree. Camarena was sent to the El Centro, California Police Department Office and becam e a Narcotics Investigator for the Imperial County.In 1874, Camarena join the DEA (Drug Enforcement Administration). Camarena was a talented Drug Enforcement Special Agent. Camarena and family were transfer vehement to an undercover investigation in Guadalajara, Mexico. In Guadalajara, his mission was to stop the Caro-Quintero Organization. Caro-Quintero, at the age 32, was the main leader of the wealthy organization.Camarena was about to conclude his case when he was captured during his lunch hour. It was the afternoon of February 7, 1985 when Camarena didnt come home so his wife contacted his close friend, who then reported the kidnapping to the U.S. impartiality enforcement officers. There was a vast amount of law enforcement officers sent to search for Camarena. There were a sell of multitude worried but no one was able to find Camarena. People said that the Caro-Quintero had nonrecreational the clubs to stay quiet.A few days later the law enforcement officers received a le tter from an unfathomable person stating Camarena could be found at a spread in Moreno, Mexico. When the law enforcement officers went to search the ranch they found nothing except a family that had been murdered. Later that same evening someone had stated they feeling they had seen a dead body right outside the ranch. Sure enoughthe dead body was Camarena. He had been savagely beaten and tortured to death. The date of his death was March 7, 1985.Till this day law enforcement officers do not know who actually murdered Camarena, but they do have their suspicions. About twenty-two people have been thought of pertaining or murdering Camarena.Twelve had been convicted three of which were members of the Caro-Quientero Organization. Enrique Camarena People from all around respected Camarena. On February7, 1986 Calexico held a special ceremony in honor of him at the Calexico Library. The library has also been renamed Enrique Kiki Camarena Library. Camarenas family wore red ribbons to ho nor him. The ribbons proclaimed No use of il wakeless drugs, or no illegal use of legal drugs. Now people all over the U.S, wear red ribbons on the days of Oct. 23- 31.

Major Inventions of the Late 19th Century and Early 20th Century

They have been many major inventions within the late nineteenth and early 20th century. Throughout history, these inventions have made great impacts on society. Three of these inventions that made the superlative impact atomic number 18 the knell, the telegraphy, and the escaped bulb. Each of these inventions has made a different impact in somewhat way but they are button up some of the greatest inventions.The telephone has left a coarse impact on the world. The telephone is a device that can electronically transmit speech. Telephones are still today. People ranted about the helpful characteristics of the telephone.The telephone made communication easier and faster for people. It led to additional advances in networked communications. It also led to more job offerings, changes marketing and politics, and allowed more public feedback. At the same eon privacy was a concern, but the telephone also increased privacy in many ways.It helped so people did not have to write letters to exchange information, yet people could eavesdrop on phone calls since they would have to go to a local store to make a phone call. The telephone usage has increased at high percentages since it was created.The telephone has made the world smaller and more hearty to everyone. The telegraph was another invention that left a great impact on society. The telegraph worked by transmitting electrical signals of dots and dashes over a wire laid between stations.Within only nine historic period of the telegraphs first message, only one state was not connected by telegraph. The telegraph reducing the amount of time it took to transfer information over large distances from weeks down to hours or minutes. The telegraph led to the inventions of the telephone, fax machines, and the Internet.The telegraph laid the basis for the communications revolution that led to those later inventions. The open bulb had its on major impact on society. The straighten out bulb is the first electrical demo ralise used. The light bulb has made working for longer hours possible. It has also removed fire hazards like crude lamps and candles.Light bulbs help you work at all possible hours instead of being interrupted when the sun goes down. The light bulb impacts society with other inventions that use light bulbs as a main resource much(prenominal) as the flashlight, the microwave oven, head lamps, and light houses.They also allowed people to move around at dark without any dangers. When cars were invented, light bulbs were used for head lights and traffic lights. Light bulbs became a major resource of light for many people since they was invented. There are many inventions that impacted society within the late nineteenth century and the early 20th century.Light bulb, telephone, and the telegraph are the three major inventions that had the greatest impact on society. They have all made different types of impacts in several different ways but they are still considered to be some of the greatest inventions in history.

Acts of Kindness Essay

Category Community rendering of hazard Today I went to portage Park (which is genuinely faithful to my nominate) and I picked up garbage with my pink gloves in a discard bag somewhat the whole Park. Reflection Since I live close to portage Park I go there a spile and when I go there I see that theres a volume of trash some and nobody picks it up. So I decided that the nice thing that I would do would be to pick up the trash and put in a trash crap the bounce. I make love Im not supportering that much because pack are discharge to keep putting trash on the ground but at least(prenominal) I know that I can sponsor a gnomish bit. At first it was a little weird because large number started wondering why I was wear pink gloves and picking up trash but then this one aged woman came up to me and thanked me for picking up trash because she didnt bid it when the park was dirty and aft(prenominal)(prenominal) that I felt authentic aloney dependable ab divulge what I was doing and I felt like what I was doing had purpose. answer of kindness 2Category CommunityDescription of Act Me and my family decided that we should do something good for the community and we decided that we should make sandwiches for stateless people around the neighborhood and give them out to dope kitchens and other places like that. Reflection So one day my family decided that they cute to help the homeless people around my neighborhood since we concord all this food and a roof everywhere our hearth to be thankful for we should help those that were in need. When I was making the sandwiches I thought what I was doing was actually positive and was a good thing but then I also thought what if they acquiret want to be helped or pitied what if they have too much pride? just after we went around and gave around the sandwiches to homeless people andsoup kitchens and felt like it was still was kind of a rude but people need other people to help them some clocks and we were tho se people. The homeless people were very thankful for the sandwiches and were happy that we did what we did.Act of kindness 3Category TeachersDescription of Act subsequently school one day I went to one of my math teachers class and I helped them out with organizing papers, grading quizzes, and whatever else he needed. Reflection Sometimes the only time I help teachers of the schools because of extra credit or they give me candy but this time I went because I wanted you guys out there that knew that he had a lot of work that he had to do but little time. When he saw me come into the class mode after school use a little affect because he didnt ask for any(prenominal) help for extra credit but I told him that I was there because I moreover wanted to help and be nice. He thought that it was very advertent me to help him with his grading and organizing and I felt really happy afterwards because I did something good without needing to have credit extra credit be a motivation.Act of kindness 4Category TeachersDescription of Act Today I saw a teacher going up the stairs with a lot of books and I came over and helped out and grab some of the books which were very heavy and helped her put them in the classroom that they needed to be in. Reflection Even if I wasnt doing this project which is pretty dispassionate project if I do say so myself I wouldve still helped her out because of the kind of someone I am and it just smells really nice when you help someone out without having them ask you. I know that if I was going to stairs with heavy books I would want someone to help me out too. When I asked if she needed help she smiled which made me smile made me feel good to help her.Act of kindness 5Category Parent/GuardiansDescription of Act Today I woke up former(a) in the morning I went into the kitchen and started cooking some breakfast. I cooked eggs, bacon, and hashbrowns. I talked a lot so everybody my house could eat some and believe me they ate some. They didn t ask me to cook and they were strike that I cooked. Reflection My Mom and Dad when I was little al courses used to cook me breakfast with eggs and bacon and all that other good stuff but since they work more often didnt have the time to cook for us which was sad because I love bacon in the morning. So I decided I should make breakfast for them this one time because Im terrible at cooking so I did and I did pretty well for my first time. They loved it and they loved that didnt have asked me they love that it was a surprise they loved that it was actually good LOL. I felt really good inside and felt really nice to see my family together eating and it made me feel like I brought the family together.Act of kindness 6Category Parent/GuardiansDescription of Act over again I woke up early and decided I would do a nice thing and honest house and when I meant clean the house I mean clean the HOUSE. I went all around the house cleaned every corner in every dusty place until it was spotles s or close enough to spotless. And no one asked me to do it. Reflection My mom everlastingly bugs me about cleaning my room and yells at me when I dont so I thought to myself in the morning at 700 AM when everybody was sleeping why dont I just clean no one else ordain do it and then she would never yell at me ever again just kidding. But I know I would make her happy so thats the main understanding why did it. I clean the house so good that I call in I provide never have to clean the house ever again. When my parents came home and saw the house I think they fainted cried almost there were happy that I did it without them having to ask. It made me happy that they were happy. But my arm still hurts though.Act of kindness 7Category Classmates/FriendsDescription of Act Yesterday there was a relay link at my rehearsal and she was flagrant and I asked her why she was crying and she responded to she felt uncomfortable and didnt want to do something. I told her that she didnt have to do anything that she didnt want to and that she can talk to me anytime if she has any problems with anything or if she just wants to talkand helped her back to rehearsal. Reflection When I saw her crying I immediately went over and asked her what was wrong because I never like it when people are crying I like it when people are happy. I know and I was crying I would want someone to comfort me as well and that the cheapo uncomfortable with something even made it worse because no one should feel uncomfortable ever. When she was crying I felt like I just needed to help her in any way I could and so I talked to her and let her know that she can talk to me anytime because of space that I am free all the time and I just like to make people feel better. She utter she was happy that she had me as a friend and it made me feel all good inside willAct of kindness 8Category Classmates/FriendsDescription of Act I spent some time with my friend when they were feeling lonely and they really need ed some company. So I went over to the house and we played to videogames talked about politics and the world (not really we were just worrying about the ACT). We ate some stuff and had I had a really good time. Reflection When my friend asked me to hang out I didnt really feel like it but I didnt want her to feel all alone and stuff so I got my butt over to her house as fast as possible and I hung out with her. She was really glad that I came over and I was glad that I came over to because to bored people make for a really interesting and weird time. Again I felt like a really good for spending some time with my good friend and the really nice to make someone feel better.Act of kindness 9Category Strangers/ haphazardDescription of Act Today I was on a raft and I have going on I saw that the person behind me was viciously looking into her purse for capital and for the flavor of her could not find it and I saw that in my purse I had an extra card for the bus that had one more ride on it. So I decided to give it to her so she can get on the bus because she really looked like she needed to get on the bus. So I did. Reflection Ive never had that before like when I dont have any money on the bus and someones like Oh here Ill give you money here you go but the bus driver usually just let me go so thats prettynice. I felt like this one time I should at least help this lady out because this bus driver does not look like the type to give free rides and Im pretty sure she really needs to be somewhere by the way she is tearing up that purse. When I gave her the bus card I think in her block of view there was like a gleaming light behind me and a choir notification because her eyes got huge and I think she was about to kneel before me but she said give thanks you so much. I always have extra money on me because my mom is always scared that something terrible is going to happen to me so if you ever need money look for me. I felt like a hero after I gave her the money just without the Cape.Act of benignity 10Category Strangers/RandomDescription of Act Today there was a woman who looked like she was disjointed so I went up to her and asked her if she was having any trouble finding something and she was trying to find Lakeview which is friendly for her because I know exactly where that is. So I gave her directions to Lakeview. Reflection Sometimes I get lost a lot and I mean a lot and I know that I should know where everything is in Chicago because Ive been here since I was born so Im a admittedly Chicagoan but lets face it I am not a true Chicagoan because Ive never really been around Chicago a lot like my whole life. But this lady is a lucky because I know exactly where Lakeview is because Im a educatee there of course not because I have my phone with me with a map in it. cockeyed So anyways I gave her the directions and she was very thankful that I was there to save the day. I knew what I did was a really good and patted myself on the back and went on to do whatever I was doing that day which is in all likelihood nothing.

Consumer Durables and Nondurables

Analysis The definition of con congerieser durables and nondurables Consumer durables involve many kinds of overlaps that is purchased by consumers, it is manufactured for long-term use. Such as car, furniture and so on. But consumer nondurables are opposite. It is expendable goods purchases by consumers for their daily or short-term use. Such as clothing, station and so on. The characteristics of consumer purchase Because of consumer durables has long-term use, and comparing with consumer nondurables, price is higher, so consumer purchase behavior is more than cautious.There are some reasons. First of all, a good deal more selectivity cause consumers are hard to take shape decision. Secondly, because of there are a lot of different brand, so they will carefully compare the dissimilar brands of cost performance, generally, consumer focus on the quality, service, and brand reputation. Finally, consumers can not bargain from nearest store, they are spontaneous to go to large s cale shopping malls. But consumer nondurable is opposite.There are some features of consumer nondurables. Because of nondurables goods are short-term use, it can be daily product, such as towels, soap and so on, so consumer is willing to buy those at nearest store. Also, it can be visual product, when consumer decide to buy it, they might be moved(p) by packing and stores ambience, which means consumer can make decision easily. On the new(prenominal) hand, consumer has less loyalty for brand, they usually change same product with different brand.So we can sum up some features about consumer purchase habit, which are easy, fast, impulsive and emotional. Main characteristics of market Consumer durables For product advert strategy, company usually focus on product exhibition and display as much as possible, also they must have a large scale warehouse for inventory Consumer nondurables For advertising strategy, Company is willing to choose outdoor billboards in the down and some crow ded place, or provoke on the internet. They dont need large size warehouse for inventory.

Women: Rhetoric and Daniel Defoe

Romela Deguzman Women back then were seen inferior to men. They were labeled delicate, dependent, ignorant, or weak. Their central position was only marriage but most intriguingly, education was deprived from women because of their sex. Mary Wollstonecraft and Daniel Defoe, both renowned writers wrote essays that pick out justice and fight for the education of women. They believed they were capable and as intelligent as men. Wollstonecraft and Defoe created outstanding pieces known for its attitude and most importantly its effectiveness to deliver their message across.Mary Wollstonecraft wrote the essay A Vindication of the Rights of Woman on 1792. She employ rhetorical devices such as counterargument and analogy to prove her bit. For example, one of the counterargument she uses is the female in point of strength isinferior to the maleThis is the law of nature pg. 640. She agrees that women are non as physically impregnable as men but argues that they could still be as educate d and talented as them. She excessively employ analogy such as like the flowers which are planted in too full a soil, strength and usefulness are sacrificed to beauty pg. 639.In this analogy, she is trying to express that women are being used for adornments just like flowers but they shouldnt allow themselves to be objects of adoration but use their moral philosophy and intelligence to match men. With the help of rhetoric, her message about women was effectively delivered. Daniel Defoe, the author of The Education of Women also used rhetoric to convey his message about giving women equal education as men. One of the devices he employed was analogy. The soul is placed in the body like a rough diamond and moldiness be polished, or the luster of it will never appear pg. 48. He is trying to say that everyone is invaluable and unique just like a diamond, but we need education to rise or bear out the best of us.Also you so-and-so read rhetorical Devices in Night Walker by Brent Sta plesWomen need education to polish their souls. Defoe also used rhetorical questions such as what they can see in ignorance, that they should think it a necessary ornament to a woman? pg. 648. Defoe engages the reader by means of this question by letting them understand that there is nothing to be proud of about ignorance and should not be given to omen. He clearly points out that education is crucial for both men and women. Rhetorical devices such as analogies, rhetorical questions, or counterarguments strengthen Defoe and Wollstonecrafts essay by engaging readers. It successfully allows readers to see their point of view in different images they could relate to, and openly addressing arguments. Rhetoric made their talking to effective and most importantly persuasive, invoking action and change.